Ondrej Holzman Mamembala a boma la US anali ndi nthawi yovuta pamaso pa khoti la apilo Lolemba, omwe adayenera kuyankha mafunso a oweruza atatu a gulu la apilo. Imayang'ana chigamulo cha khothi lapitalo kuti Apple idagwirizana ndi osindikiza mabuku mu 2010 kuti akweze mtengo wa ma e-mabuku pagulu lonselo. Apple tsopano ili kukhothi la apilo kuti chigamulochi chithetsedwa.
Ngakhale sanatenge nawo mbali pamlandu wonsewo, Amazon idachitanso gawo lalikulu kukhothi la apilo la Manhattan, lomwe limakhudzidwa mwachindunji ndi nkhaniyi. M'modzi mwa oweruza atatu pagulu la apilo adanenanso Lolemba kuti zokambirana za Apple ndi ofalitsa zidalimbikitsa mpikisano ndikuphwanya udindo wa Amazon panthawiyo. “Zili ngati mbewa zonse zikubwera pamodzi kudzapachika belu pakhosi pa mphaka,” anatero Woweruza Dennis Jacobs.
Gulu la apilo lidatsamira kwambiri Apple
Anzake ena nawonso amawoneka kuti ali omasuka ku mikangano ya Apple ndipo, m'malo mwake, adatsamira kwambiri akuluakulu aboma. Woweruza Debra Livingston adazitcha "zosokoneza" kuti zomwe Apple amachita ndi osindikiza, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala "zovomerezeka" zakhala nkhani yachiwembu.
Amazon inkalamulira 80 mpaka 90 peresenti ya msika panthawi yomwe Apple adalowa m'munda wa e-book. Panthawiyo, Amazon inkalipiranso mitengo yaukali kwambiri - $ 9,99 kwa ogulitsa ambiri - zomwe akuluakulu aboma adanena kuti zinali zabwino kwa ogwiritsa ntchito, adatero Malcom Stewart, loya wamkulu wa U.S.
Wina mwa oweruza atatuwo, a Raymond J. Lohier, adafunsa Stewart momwe Apple ingawononge kulamulira kwa Amazon popanda kuphwanya malamulo oletsa kukhulupilira monga momwe dipatimenti Yachilungamo idatanthauzira. Stewart adayankha kuti Apple ikadanyengerera osindikiza kuti agulitse mabuku pamitengo yotsika, kapena kampani yaku California ikadapereka madandaulo otsutsa Amazon.
"Kodi mukunena kuti Dipatimenti Yachilungamo sinazindikire kuti pali bizinesi yatsopano yomwe imayang'aniridwa ndi wolamulira yekha?" "Tidalembetsa mulingo wamtengo wa $9,99, koma tidaganiza kuti ndi zabwino kwa makasitomala," Stewart adayankha.
Kodi Judge Cote analakwitsa?
Inali Dipatimenti Yachilungamo yomwe idasumira Apple mu 2012, ikuyimba mlandu wophwanya malamulo odana ndi kudalirana. Pambuyo pa mlandu wa milungu itatu, Woweruza Denise Cote adagamula chaka chatha kuti Apple idathandizira ofalitsa kuthetsa mitengo yoyipa ya Amazon ndikukonzanso msika. Mapangano ndi Apple amalola osindikiza kuti aziyika mitengo yawo mu iBookstore, pomwe Apple nthawi zonse imatenga gawo la 30 peresenti pa iwo.
Chofunikira pamapangano ndi Apple chinali mkhalidwe woti osindikiza azigulitsa ma e-mabuku mu iBookstore pamitengo yotsika yofanana ndi yomwe amaperekedwa kwina kulikonse. Izi zinalola ofalitsa kukakamiza Amazon kuti isinthe mtundu wake wamalonda. Akapanda kutero, adzawonongeka kwambiri, chifukwa adzayeneranso kupereka mabuku mu iBookstore pa $ 10 yomwe tatchulayi. Ndi kutsegulidwa kwa iBookstore, mitengo yamabuku apakompyuta idakwera nthawi yomweyo, zomwe sizinakondweretse Woweruza Cote, yemwe adaweruza mlanduwo.
Komabe, khothi la apilo tsopano lisankha ngati Cote anali ndi udindo woganizira mozama momwe Apple ikukhudzira msika. Loya wake, Theodore Boutrous Jr. adanena kuti Apple idakulitsa mpikisano pochepetsa mphamvu za Amazon. Mitengo ina ya ebook yakweradi, koma mtengo wawo wapakati pamsika wonse watsika. Chiwerengero cha mitu yomwe ilipo chawonjezekanso kwambiri.
Kampani yaku California ikapanda kuchita bwino kukhothi la apilo, ipereka ndalama zokwana $450 miliyoni zomwe idagwirizana kale ndi odandaulawo. Zambiri mwa ndalamazi zimapita kwa makasitomala, 50 miliyoni amapita kukhoti. Mosiyana ndi Apple, nyumba zosindikizira sizinkafuna kupita kukhoti ndipo pambuyo pa kuthetsa kwa khoti, adalipira pafupifupi madola 160 miliyoni. Ngati khothi la apilo libweza mlanduwo kwa Woweruza Cote, Apple idzalipira 50 miliyoni kwa makasitomala ndi 20 miliyoni pamitengo yakhothi. Ngati khoti lisintha chigamulo choyambirira, Apple salipira kalikonse.
Mlandu wa Lolemba unatenga mphindi 80 zokha, koma chigamulo cha oweruza chitha kutenga miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
Ndizodabwitsa kuyambira pachiyambi. Monga mukulemba, zinali zoyambira zamabizinesi ndipo sindikuwona chilichonse "cha nkhumba" pa izi.