Kubwerera Kale: Kuyambitsa VisiCalc ndi Kugonjetsa Garry Kasparov mu Computer Chess (11/5/2021)

Mawu oti "spreadsheet" akatchulidwa, anthu ambiri amaganiza za Excel, Numbers, kapena Google Sheets. Koma kumeza koyamba kumbali iyi kunali pulogalamu ya VisiCalc m'zaka za m'ma makumi asanu ndi awiri apitawo, omwe timakumbukira lero. Mu gawo lachiwiri la nkhani yathu, tidzabwerera ku 1997, pamene Deep Blue inagonjetsa Chess Grandmaster Garry Kasparov.

Kuyambitsa VisiCalc (1979)

Pa Meyi 11, 1979, mawonekedwe a VisiCalc adawonetsedwa poyera. Izi zidawonetsedwa ndi Daniel Bricklin ndi Robert Frankston waku Harvard University. VisiCalc (dzina limeneli limagwira ntchito ngati chidule cha mawu akuti "calculator yowoneka") inali spreadsheet yoyamba, yomwe mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito makompyuta, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo, unakula kwambiri m'zaka za makumi asanu ndi awiri zapitazo. VisiCalc idagawidwa ndi Personal Software Inc. (Kenako VisiCorp), ndipo VisiCalc poyambirira idapangidwira makompyuta a Apple II. Patapita nthawi, matembenuzidwe a makompyuta a Commodore PET ndi Atari adawonanso kuwala kwa tsiku.

Zithunzi

VisiCalc Handbook

VisiCalc chithunzi

VisiCalc Software Wiki

Apple_II_IMG_4223

Garry Kasparov vs. Deep Blue (1997)

Pa May 11, 1997, masewera a chess anachitika pakati pa Grandmaster Garry Kasparov ndi kompyuta ya Deep Blue, yomwe inachokera ku msonkhano wa kampani ya IBM. Kasparov, yemwe ankasewera ndi zidutswa zakuda, ndiye adamaliza masewerawo atatha khumi ndi zisanu ndi zinayi zokha. Kompyuta ya Deep Blue inali ndi kuthekera koganiza zopita patsogolo zisanu ndi chimodzi, zomwe zikanakhumudwitsa Kasparov ndipo adatuluka m'chipindacho patatha pafupifupi ola limodzi. Kasparov adakumana ndi Deep Blue mu 1966, adapambana 4:2 The IBM Deep Blue chess idakwanitsa kuwunika mpaka 200 miliyoni pa sekondi imodzi, ndipo kupambana kwake pa Kasparov kumawonedwa ngati kofunikira m'mbiri ya chess ndi makompyuta. Otsutsawo adasewera maseŵera awiri osiyana, masewera asanu ndi limodzi.