Libor Kubín Atatu a Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak ndi Ronald Gerald Wayne adayambitsa Apple Inc. pa Epulo 1, 1976. Palibe amene ankadziwa kuti kusintha kosaoneka bwino kunayamba kuchitika komwe kunasintha dziko lonse. Chaka chimenecho, kompyuta yoyamba yaumwini inasonkhanitsidwa m’galaja.
Mnyamata amene ankafuna kompyuta kusintha dziko
Amatchedwa The Woz, Wonderful Wizard of Woz, iWoz, Steve wina kapena ubongo wa Apple. Stephen Gary "Woz" Wozniak anabadwa pa August 11, 1950 ku San Jose, California. Iye wakhala akugwira nawo ntchito zamagetsi kuyambira ali wamng'ono. Bambo Jerry adathandizira mwana wake wofuna kudziwa zofuna zake ndipo adamuyambitsa zinsinsi za resistors, diode ndi zipangizo zina zamagetsi. Ali ndi zaka khumi ndi chimodzi, Steve Wozniak adawerenga za kompyuta ya ENIAC ndipo adayifuna. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, amapanga wailesi yake yoyamba ya masewera ndipo amapeza chilolezo chowulutsa. Anapanga chowerengera cha transistor ali ndi zaka khumi ndi zitatu ndipo adalandira mphotho yoyamba pasukulu yamagetsi ya sekondale (yomwe adakhala purezidenti). M'chaka chomwecho, adapanga kompyuta yake yoyamba. Zinali zotheka kusewera macheki pa izo.
Atamaliza sukulu ya sekondale, Woz analembetsa ku yunivesite ya Colorado, koma posakhalitsa anathamangitsidwa. Anayamba kupanga kompyuta m’galaja ndi mnzake Bill Fernandez. Analitcha kuti Cream Soda Computer ndipo pulogalamuyo inalembedwa pa punch card. Kompyutayi ikhoza kusintha mbiri. Pokhapokha, idali yofupikitsidwa ndikuwotchedwa panthawi yowonetsera mtolankhani wakomweko.
Malinga ndi buku lina, Wozniak anakumana ndi Jobs Fernandez mu 1970. Nthano ina imanena za ntchito yogwirizana yachilimwe ku kampani ya Hewlett-Packard. Wozniak ankagwira ntchito pano pa mainframe.
Bokosi labuluu
Bizinesi yoyamba yolumikizana ndi Wozniak ndi Jobs idayambitsidwa ndi nkhani ya Chinsinsi cha Bokosi Laling'ono Labuluu. Magazini ya Esquire inaisindikiza mu October 1971. Inayenera kukhala yopeka, koma kwenikweni inali buku lolembedwa mwachinsinsi. Anali wotanganidwa mwa kuyankhula - Kubera mumayendedwe amafoni ndikuyimba mafoni aulere. John Draper anazindikira kuti mothandizidwa ndi mluzu wodzaza ndi zipsera za ana, mutha kutsanzira kamvekedwe kosonyeza kuponya ndalama mufoni. Chifukwa cha izi, zinali zotheka kuyimbira dziko lonse kwaulere. "Kupeza" kumeneku kunachititsa chidwi Wozniak, ndipo iye ndi Draper adapanga jenereta yawo yamamvekedwe. Opangawo ankadziwa kuti akuyenda pamphepete mwa lamulo. Anapanga mabokosiwo ndi chitetezo - chosinthira ndi maginito. Pakachitika kugwidwa koyandikira, maginito adachotsedwa ndipo ma toni adasokonezedwa. Wozniak anauza makasitomala ake kuti ayese ngati bokosi la nyimbo. Inali panthawiyi pamene Jobs adawonetsa luso lake lazamalonda. Anagulitsa m'nyumba za Berkeley Bokosi labuluu kwa $150.
Panthawi ina, Wozniak anagwiritsa ntchito bokosi la Blue potcha Vatican. Adazitchula kuti Henry Kissinger ndipo adafuna kuyankhulana ndi Papa yemwe anali mtulo panthawiyo.
Kuchokera pa Calculator kupita ku apulo
Woz adapeza ntchito ku Hewlett-Packard. M’zaka za 1973-1976, anapanga zoŵerengera za m’thumba zoyamba za HP 35 ndi HP 65. Chapakati pa zaka za m’ma 70, amapita kumisonkhano ya mwezi ndi mwezi ya anthu okonda makompyuta pa Club yodziwika bwino ya Homebrew Computers. Mnyamata wodziwika, watsitsi posakhalitsa amakhala ndi mbiri monga katswiri yemwe amatha kuthetsa vuto lililonse. Ali ndi talente yapawiri: amayendetsa mapangidwe a hardware ndi mapulogalamu a mapulogalamu.
Ntchito zakhala zikugwira ntchito kwa Atari kuyambira 1974 ngati wopanga masewera. Amapanga Woz kupereka komwe kulinso vuto lalikulu. Atari akulonjeza mphotho ya $750 ndi bonasi ya $100 pa IC iliyonse yosungidwa pa bolodi. Wozniak sanagone masiku anayi. Itha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mabwalo ndi zidutswa makumi asanu (kufikira makumi anayi ndi ziwiri zodabwitsa kwambiri). Mapangidwe ake anali ophatikizana koma ovuta. Ndizovuta kuti Atari apange matabwa awa mochuluka. Apanso nthanozo zimasiyana. Malinga ndi mtundu woyamba, Atari amalephera pa mgwirizano ndipo Woz amalandira $750 yokha. Mtundu wachiwiri umati Jobs amalandira mphotho ya $ 5000, koma amangolipira Wozniak theka lolonjezedwa - $ 375.
Panthawi imeneyo, Wozniak alibe kompyuta, choncho amagula nthawi pamakompyuta ang'onoang'ono pa Call Computer. Imayendetsedwa ndi Alex Kamradt. Makompyuta amalumikizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito tepi ya pepala yokhomerera, zotuluka zake zidachokera ku chosindikizira chamafuta cha Texas Instruments Silent 700. Koma sizinali zophweka. Woz adawona makina apakompyuta m'magazini ya Popular Electronics, adalimbikitsidwa ndikupanga yake. Imawonetsa zilembo zazikulu zokha, zilembo makumi anayi pamzere uliwonse, ndi mizere makumi awiri ndi inai. Kamradt adawona kuthekera pamakanema awa, adauza Wozniak kuti apange chipangizochi. Pambuyo pake anagulitsa ochepa kupyolera mu kampani yake.
Kuchulukirachulukira kwa ma microcomputer atsopano, monga Altair 8800 ndi IMSAI, adalimbikitsa Wozniak. Anaganiza zomanga microprocessor mu terminal, koma vuto linali pamtengo. Intel 179 idawononga $8080 ndipo Motorola 170 (yomwe ankakonda) idawononga $6800. Komabe, purosesa anali kupitirira luso lazachuma wachinyamata wokonda, kotero iye ankangogwira ntchito ndi pensulo ndi pepala.
Kupambanaku kunabwera mu 1975. MOS Technology inayamba kugulitsa microprocessor 6502 kwa $25. Zinali zofanana kwambiri ndi purosesa ya Motorola 6800 monga idapangidwa ndi gulu lomwelo lachitukuko. Woz mwachangu adalemba mtundu watsopano wa BASIC wa chip cha pakompyuta. Kumapeto kwa 1975, iye anamaliza kupanga chojambula cha Apple I. Chiwonetsero choyamba chili pa Homebrew Computers Club. Steve Jobs amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kompyuta ya Wozniak. Onse amavomereza kuyambitsa kampani yopanga ndi kugulitsa makompyuta.
Mu Januwale 1976, Hewlett-Packard adadzipereka kupanga ndikugulitsa Apple I kwa $800, koma adakanidwa. Kampaniyo sikufuna kukhala mumsika womwe wapatsidwa. Ngakhale Atari, komwe Jobs amagwira ntchito, alibe chidwi.
Pa Epulo 1, Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak ndi Ronald Gerald Wayne adapeza Apple Inc. Koma Wayne amachoka pakampani patatha masiku khumi ndi awiri. Mu Epulo, Wozniak amachoka ku Hewlett-Packard. Amagulitsa chowerengera chake cha HP 65 ndi Jobs minibus yake ya Volkswagen, ndipo amaphatikiza ndalama zoyambira $1300.
Zida: www.forbes.com, wikipedia.org, ed-thelen.org a www.stevejobs.info
Zabwino kwambiri; ndi liti gawo lachiwiri?
Uku ndi kuwerenga kwabwino….. Zikomo :-)
Ndikudziwa, ndinkhani yabwino, ndili ndi bukhu la iWoz kwathu ndipo ndilabwino kwambiri
Zalembedwa bwino, zikomo.
Ndikupangira kuwonera kanema wa Pirates of Silicon Valley. Imakambirana zoyambira za Apple (komanso Microsoft).
Kwa Honza: Psst, osawulula! Izo zidzakhala mu gawo lachiwiri.
nkhani yabwino kwambiri, zikomo
Ndiye palibe gawo lotsatira?