Chosankha Apple Mu March Bukuli lidzasindikizidwa m'Chicheki Jony Ive - wanzeru kumbuyo kwa zinthu zabwino kwambiri apulo, yomwe imawonetsa moyo wa chithunzi chojambula komanso wogwira ntchito kwanthawi yayitali wa Apple. Jablíčkář tsopano ikupezeka kwa inu mogwirizana ndi nyumba yosindikizira Blue Vision imapereka kuyang'ana koyamba kwapadera pansi pa buku lomwe likubwera - mutu wakuti "Jony Saves" ...
Jony amapulumutsa
Ntchito yayikulu ya Jony ku Apple inali kupanga Newton MessagePad ya m'badwo wachiwiri. Newton yoyamba inali isanagulitsidwebe, koma gulu lopanga mapangidwe lidadana nalo kale. Chifukwa cha ndandanda yotanganidwa yopanga, mtundu woyamba unali ndi zolakwika zazikulu zomwe oyang'anira Apple, komanso opanga, amafuna kukonza.
Ngakhale Newton isanagunde msika, Apple idawulula kuti chivundikiro chokonzekera, chomwe chimayenera kuteteza magalasi ake osalimba, sichinalole malo oti awonjezere makadi, omwe amayenera kulowera ku slot pamwamba pa chipangizocho. Gulu lokonzekera linali ndi ntchito yokonza mwamsanga phukusi lonyamulika, kuphatikizapo chikopa chosavuta chachikopa, ndipo ndi momwe chipangizocho chinapitira kumsika. Komanso, wokamba Newton anali pamalo olakwika. Kumeneko kunali kupuma kwa kanjedza, choncho wogwiritsa ntchito akagwira chipangizocho, ankaphimba wokamba nkhani.
Akatswiri opanga zida zopangira zida ankafuna kuti m'badwo wachiwiri wa Newton (wotchedwa "Lindy") ukhale ndi chophimba chokulirapo pang'ono kuti chizindikirike mosavuta pamanja. Chifukwa cholemberacho chidalumikizidwa movutikira kuchokera kumbali, chinthu chomwe Newton adakulitsa kwambiri, adafuna kuti mtundu watsopanowo ukhale wocheperako. Choyambiriracho chinkawoneka ngati njerwa, choncho chimalowa mu jekete yaikulu kapena matumba a jekete.
Jony anagwira ntchito pa polojekiti ya Linda pakati pa November 1992 ndi January 1993. Kuti amvetse bwino ntchitoyi, anayamba ndi mapangidwe ake "nkhani" - ndiko kuti, adadzifunsa kuti: Kodi nkhani ya mankhwalawa ndi chiyani? Newton inali yatsopano, yosinthasintha, komanso yosiyana ndi zinthu zina moti kupanga cholinga choyambirira sikunali kophweka. Idasinthidwa kukhala chida chosiyana kutengera ndi pulogalamu yomwe ikugwira ntchito, kotero ikhoza kukhala cholembera kapena makina a fax. CEO Sculley anamutcha "PDA," koma kwa Jony, tanthauzo limenelo silinali lolondola kwambiri.
“Vuto la Newton woyamba linali lakuti silinakhudze moyo watsiku ndi tsiku wa anthu,” akutero Jony. "Sizinapereke fanizo loti ogwiritsa ntchito azitsatira."
Kwa anthu ambiri, kapu ndi kapu chabe, koma Jony anaikapo chidwi kwambiri. Jony anati: “Ndi chinthu choyamba chimene umaona, chinthu choyamba chimene wakumana nacho. "Muyenera kutsegula chivundikirocho musanagwiritse ntchito. Ndinkafuna kuti ikhale nthawi yodabwitsa kwambiri. "
Kuti apititse patsogolo nthawiyi, Jony adapanga njira yanzeru yolumikizirana ndi masika. Mukakankhira kapu, idatulukira. Makinawa ankagwiritsa ntchito kasupe kakang'ono ka mkuwa kamene kanali kokonzedwa bwino kuti kagwedezeke moyenerera.
Kuti chivundikirocho chichoke m'chipinda cha makhadi owonjezera pamwamba pa chipangizocho, Jony adapanga hinge iwiri yomwe inalola kuti chivundikirocho chidutse zopinga zilizonse. Chivundikirocho chikatsegula, analumpha n’kusamukira kuseri kumene anatulukira. "Kukweza kapu ndi kubwerera m'mbuyo kunali kofunika chifukwa chochita choterocho sichinali chachindunji ku chikhalidwe chilichonse," adatero Jony panthawiyo.
“Kupendekera chivundikirocho m’mbali, monga m’buku, kunabweretsa mavuto chifukwa chakuti anthu a ku Ulaya ndi ku United States ankafuna kutsegula kumanzere, pamene anthu a ku Japan ankafuna kutsegula kudzanja lamanja. Kuti ndipatse aliyense malo, ndasankha kuti kapu itseguke.'
Mu gawo lotsatira, Jony adatembenukira ku "chinthu chosasinthika" - ma nuances apadera omwe angapereke mankhwala kukhala munthu payekha komanso zenizeni. Newton ankadalira cholembera chotchedwa stylus, choncho Jony ankaganizira kwambiri cholembera ichi, chomwe ankadziwa kuti ogwiritsa ntchito amakonda kusewera. Jony anathetsa malire a m'lifupi ndikuphatikiza cholembera mu MessagePad palokha poyang'ana kuyika malo osungira pamwamba. "Ndidaumirira kuti chivundikirocho chitseguke mmwamba, monga cholembera cha stenographer, chomwe aliyense amamvetsetsa, ndipo ogwiritsa ntchito adawona Lindy ngati cholembera. Cholembera chomwe chimayikidwa pamwamba pomwe chomangirira chingakhale ngati pad wa stenographer adalumikizana bwino. Izi zidakhala gawo lofunikira pazambiri zamalonda. ”
Malowa anali aafupi kwambiri kuti agwirizane ndi cholembera chachikulu, kotero Jony adapanga cholembera chomwe chimatuluka mwanzeru. Monga kapu, cholemberacho chinali chotengera njira yotulutsa yomwe idatsegulidwa pomwe wogwiritsa ntchito adatsikira pamwamba pake. Kuti aipatse kulemera koyenera, anapanga cholembera cha mkuwa.
Anzake onse adakonda kwambiri mankhwalawa. “Lindy anaimira nthaŵi yosangalatsa kwa Jonathan,” akutero wojambula mnzake Parsey.
Kuti zinthu ziipireipire, Jony anali ndi nthawi yaifupi kwambiri yoti amalize, limodzi ndi zovuta zazikulu. Mtundu woyamba wa chipangizo chonyamula upainiya cha Apple chidadziwika bwino ndi mawonekedwe ake muzojambula zamakatuni za Doonesbury. Wojambula zithunzi Gery Trudeau adawonetsa luso lozindikira zolemba za Newton ngati lofunitsitsa, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti chipangizochi chiwombe lamba momwe sichinachiritsidwe. Chifukwa cha Trudeau, Newton MessagePad yoyamba idayenera kusinthidwa mwachangu momwe mungathere.
Mavuto onse adagwera pa Jony. "Mukazindikira kuti phindu limakhala lotani tsiku lililonse, simukhala ndi nthawi, zimakupangitsani kuyang'ana kwambiri," akutero mokokomeza ku Britain.
Zodabwitsa kwa anzake, Jony adatha kuchoka ku mapangidwe oyambirira kupita ku lingaliro loyamba la thovu m'milungu iwiri, ntchito yofulumira kuposa yomwe aliyense adawonapo. Pofunitsitsa kumaliza ntchitoyi pa nthawi yake, Jony anapita ku Taiwan kuti akathetse mavuto opangira zinthu. Anamanga msasa mu hotelo pafupi ndi fakitale yomwe Newton amapangidwira. Pamodzi ndi injiniya wa hardware, adathetsa mavuto ndi makina opangira cholembera m'chipindamo.
Parsey amakumbukira Jony akumukankhira kuti apange china chake chodabwitsa. "Kuti mupange mapangidwe abwino kwambiri, muyenera kukhala ndi moyo ndi kupuma mankhwalawo. Mmene Jonathan ankagwirira ntchito zinayamba kukhala zachikondi. Inali njira yodzaza ndi chisangalalo ndi kutopa. Koma ngati simukufuna kupereka chilichonse pantchitoyo, mapangidwe ake sangakhale abwino. ”
Zitachitika, anzake a Jony adadabwa ndikudabwa ndi Newton ndi Jony watsopano, omwe adalowa nawo gululo miyezi ingapo yapitayo. Mkulu wa Apple, Gaston Bastiens, yemwe anali woyang'anira Newton, adauza Jony kuti apambana mphoto iliyonse. Zinangotsala pang'ono kuchitika. Linda atakhazikitsidwa mu 1994, Jony adalandira mphotho zingapo zofunika zamakampani: Gold Industrial Design Excellence Award, Industrie Forum Design Award, Germany Design Innovation Award, Best of Category Award kuchokera ku ID Design Review ndi ulemu wokhala nawo limodzi mwazolemba zokhazikika. Museum of Modern Art ku San Francisco.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe Rick English adazindikira za Jony chinali kudana kwake ndi mitengo. Kapena m'malo kukana kulandira mphoto izi pamaso pa anthu. "Kumayambiriro kwa ntchito yake, Jony Ive adanena kuti sangapite ku zochitikazi," akutero Chingerezi. "Umenewu ndi khalidwe lochititsa chidwi, lomwe linamusiyanitsa. Zinali zonyansa kwa iye kukwera siteji ndikulandira mphoto.'
Jony's MessagePad 110 inali pamsika mu Marichi 1994, patangotha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi Newton yoyambirira idagulitsidwa. Tsoka ilo, panalibe mwayi wopulumutsa Newton, popeza Apple idapanga zolakwika zingapo zotsatsa - kukankhira chipangizo choyamba kugulitsa chisanakhale chokonzekera ndikutsatsa mwamphamvu mphamvu zake. Poyang'anizana ndi ziyembekezo zosayembekezereka, Newton sanapeze phindu lalikulu la malonda. Mibadwo yonse iwiri ya Newtons idakumananso ndi mavuto a batri komanso kusazindikira bwino pamanja, zomwe Trudeau adazinyoza. Ngakhale mapangidwe a nyenyezi a Jony sakanatha kupulumutsa.
Phil Gray, bwana wake wakale ku RWG, amakumbukira kukumana ndi Jony ku London pambuyo poti MessagePad 110 inatuluka. Koma panthawiyo, chinali chipangizo chonyamula katundu chomwe palibe amene anali nacho,” akutero Gray. "Jony adakhumudwa chifukwa ngakhale adagwira ntchito mwakhama, adayenera kuchita zinthu zambiri chifukwa cha zipangizo zamakono. Pambuyo pake, adakhala paudindo ku Apple komwe sakanangokhudza gawo laukadaulo, komanso kuyang'anira ndikuwongolera izi nthawi imodzi. "
Chifukwa chake MessagePad idayimira kusintha kwakukulu pakupanga kwa Apple. MessagePad 110 inali chinthu choyamba cha Apple kutumizidwa ku Taiwan. Apple idagwirizanapo ndi makampani aku Japan m'mbuyomu (Sony for monitors, Canon for printers), koma nthawi zambiri imapanga zinthu zake m'mafakitole ake. Pankhani ya MessagePad 110, Apple idasuntha Newton kupita ku Inventec. "Anachita ntchito yodabwitsa kwambiri, adachita bwino kwambiri," akutero Brunner. "Pamapeto pake, khalidweli linali lokwera kwambiri. Ndinapereka ulemu kwa Jony chifukwa cha zimenezo. Anatsala pang'ono kugwa, kuthera nthawi yochuluka ku Taiwan kuti akonze zonse. Zinali zokongola. Mwachita bwino. Zinagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri. Zinali chinthu chodabwitsa. "
Chisankhochi chinapangitsa Apple kudalira makontrakitala akunja kuti apange zinthu zake. Komabe, mchitidwewu unakhala wotsutsana zaka khumi pambuyo pake.
Ntchito ya Linda itangomalizidwa, Jony anali ndi lingaliro losavuta kupanga zowunikira zazikulu za Apple za CRT, zomwe mosakayikira zinali zotchipa kwambiri za kampaniyo komanso imodzi mwazodula kwambiri kupanga. Chifukwa cha kukula kwake ndi zovuta zake, nkhungu zamapulasitiki zowunikira zimatha kuwononga ndalama zoposa madola milioni kupanga-ndipo panali zitsanzo zambiri panthawiyo.
Kuti asunge ndalama, Jony adabwera ndi lingaliro la mapangidwe atsopano okhala ndi magawo osinthika omwe angasinthidwe ndi kukula kwake kowunika. Poyambirira, nyumba zowunikira zinali ndi magawo awiri: bezel (chinthu chakutsogolo chomwe chimakhala kutsogolo kwa chubu cha cathode ray) ndi nyumba ngati thumba yomwe idatsekeredwa ndikuteteza kumbuyo kwa CRT. Jony adabwera ndi lingaliro lakugawa mlanduwo m'magawo anayi: chimango, gawo lapakati la thumba ndi thumba lakumbuyo lazigawo ziwiri. Mapangidwe a modular adalola kuti thumba lapakati ndi lakumbuyo likhalebe chimodzimodzi pamzere wonse wazinthu. Bezel yakutsogolo yokhayo idapangidwa mosiyanasiyana kuti igwirizane ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyana.
Kuwonjezera pa kusunga ndalama, mlandu watsopanowu unkawonekanso bwino. Mapangidwe ake osinthidwa amalola kuti ma CRT agwirizane kwambiri, kuwapangitsa kuwoneka ang'onoang'ono komanso owoneka bwino. Mapangidwe a Jony adayambitsanso zinthu zingapo zatsopano pachilankhulo cha gulu, kuphatikiza cholumikizira chatsopano ndi screw solution. "Njira yatsopanoyi ndi yobisika," akutero wojambula Bart Andre, yemwe adapanga milanduyo potengera kapangidwe ka Jony. Zinkawoneka kuti ntchito yake ingasangalatse aliyense.
Ndemanga yabwino. Ndikuyembekezera bukuli.
Zikomo pamutuwu, ndikudziwa bwino - sindingathe kudikirira :)