Tomas Chlebek Spotify alowa nawo ntchito zotsatsira zomwe zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa nyimbo. Izi zitha kuthandizira kwambiri polimbana ndi nyimbo zamakono popanda kusintha kwamphamvu.
Njira zitatu zodziwika kwambiri zoyezera mokweza ndi dBFS, RMS ndi LUFS. Ngakhale dBFS ikuwonetsa kukweza kwakukulu kwa mafunde akumveka, RMS ili pafupi pang'ono ndi malingaliro amunthu chifukwa ikuwonetsa kukweza kwapakati. LUFS iyenera kuwonetsa malingaliro aumunthu mokhulupirika kwambiri, chifukwa imapatsa kulemera kwakukulu kwa mafupipafupi omwe khutu la munthu limamva kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, pakati ndi pamwamba (kuchokera ku 2 kHz). Zimaganiziranso za kusinthasintha kwa phokoso, mwachitsanzo, kusiyana pakati pa mbali zomveka komanso zopanda phokoso za phokoso la phokoso.
Gawo la LUFS linakhazikitsidwa mu 2011 ngati imodzi mwamiyezo ya European Broadcasting Union, mgwirizano wamawayilesi ndi wailesi yakanema wokhala ndi mamembala ochokera kumayiko 51 komanso kunja kwa Europe. Cholinga cha gawo latsopanoli chinali kuligwiritsa ntchito kukhazikitsa miyezo yokweza pawailesi yakanema ndi wailesi, ndikulimbikitsa kwakukulu kukhala kusiyana kwakukulu kwaphokoso pakati pa mapulogalamu ndi malonda, mwachitsanzo. Voliyumu yayikulu -23 LUFS idakhazikitsidwa ngati mulingo watsopano.
Kumene, wailesi ndi ochepa gwero la nyimbo lero, ndi kusonkhana misonkhano ndi Intaneti nyimbo masitolo ndi zofunika kwambiri buku buku limene nyimbo analengedwa. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti ziwerengero zotsika zidayezedwa pachitsanzo chachikulu cha nyimbo za Spotify mu Meyi kuposa kale. Zatsika kuchokera ku -11 LUFS kufika -14 LUFS.
Spotify inali ntchito yotsatsira mokweza kwambiri mpaka pano, koma tsopano manambala akutseka pampikisano wa YouTube (-13 LUFS), Tidal (-14 LUFS) ndi Apple Music (-16 LUFS). Kuchepetsa kokulirapo komanso kufananiza kwa mawu m'malaibulale onse anyimbo kuyenera kukhudza chimodzi mwazinthu zoyipa kwambiri pakupanga nyimbo m'zaka makumi angapo zapitazi - nkhondo zazikulu (nkhondo zazikulu).
Vuto lalikulu la nkhondo zaphokoso lagona pakupanikizana kopitilira muyeso ndi kutsitsa kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, kufananiza mawu pakati pa ndime zachete kapena mokweza kwambiri za nyimboyo. Popeza pamene kupitirira voliyumu inayake pa kusakaniza (kuzindikira kuchuluka kwa voliyumu pakati pa zida za munthu ndi kulimbikitsa mawonekedwe a phokoso lawo ngati danga, ndi zina zotero) kusokonezeka kwa phokoso kudzachitika, kuponderezana ndi njira yowonjezeretsa kuwonjezereka kwa voliyumu popanda kufunika kowonjezera. voliyumu yeniyeni.
Nyimbo zosinthidwa motere zimakopa chidwi kwambiri pawailesi, TV, misonkhano yotsatsira, etc. Vuto la psinjika mopambanitsa makamaka nyimbo zomveka zomveka zotopetsa kumva ndi malingaliro, momwe ngakhale kusakanikirana kosangalatsa kumatha kutayika. Nthawi zambiri, kupotoza kumatha kuwonekerabe poyesa kupeza mawu omveka bwino pophunzira.
Sikuti ndime zoyambira zimakhala zaphokoso mopanda chibadwa (gitala limodzi loyimba limamveka mokweza ngati gulu lonse), komanso ndime zomwe zikadamveka bwino zimataya mphamvu komanso mawonekedwe ake. Izi zimawonekera kwambiri pamene kukanikiza kumachitika kuti kufanane ndi ndime zokulirapo ndi zomwe zili chete kenako ndikuwonjezera voliyumu yonse. Ndizothekanso kuti nyimboyo ili ndi mawonekedwe osinthika, koma mawu omwe angatuluke pakusakanikirana (zosakhalitsa - zoyambira za zolemba, pomwe voliyumu imakwera kwambiri ndikucheperanso chimodzimodzi, kenako imatsika pang'onopang'ono), "kudulidwa" ndipo pawokhawo kupotoza komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono kwa phokoso la phokoso kulipo.
Mwinamwake chitsanzo chodziwika bwino cha zotsatira za nkhondo zaphokoso ndi album Imfayo Magnetic yolembedwa ndi Metallica, yemwe ma CD ake adayambitsa chipwirikiti m'dziko lanyimbo, makamaka poyerekeza ndi nyimbo yomwe idawonekera pambuyo pake m'masewera. gitala Hero, sizinali zoponderezedwa kwambiri komanso zosasokoneza pang'ono, onani kanema.
[su_youtube url=”https://youtu.be/DRyIACDCc1I” wide=”640″]
Popeza LUFS imaganizira zamitundu yosiyanasiyana osati kuchuluka kwamphamvu chabe, njanji yokhala ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba kwambiri imatha kukhala ndi nthawi yokwera kwambiri kuposa nyimbo yoponderezedwa kwambiri ndikusungabe mtengo womwewo wa LUFS. Izi zikutanthauza kuti nyimbo yokonzedwera -14 LUFS pa Spotify sisintha, pomwe nyimbo yomwe ikuwoneka kuti yaphokoso kwambiri idzasinthidwa kwambiri, onani zithunzi pansipa.
Kuphatikiza pakuchepetsa voliyumu pagulu lonselo, Spotify alinso ndi ntchito yosinthira voliyumu yomwe imayatsidwa mwachisawawa - pa iOS imatha kupezeka pazokonda zosewerera pansi pa "normalize voliyumu" komanso pakompyuta pazokonda zapamwamba. Zomwezo (zongotchedwa Kuwona Kwamawu) zimayenera kukhala imodzi mwa njira zazikulu zolimbana ndi nyimbo zopanikizika kwambiri mu iTunes, pomwe zimatha kuyatsa ndi kuzimitsa (iTunes> Zokonda> Kusewera> Chongani Chomvera; mu iOS Zikhazikiko> Music> Equalize Volume) komanso mu iTunes Radio yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 2013 pomwe inali imodzi mwazinthu zantchitoyo ndipo wosuta analibe mwayi wozimitsa.
Kodi low dynamic range nthawi zonse ndi chisankho chamalonda?
Mapeto otheka a nkhondo yokweza mawu akhala akukambidwa kwambiri, ndipo adangoyamba posachedwapa pamene chizindikirocho chinayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyamba. Zikuwoneka kuti izi ziyenera kukhala zofunika kwa omvera, chifukwa adzatha kusangalala ndi nyimbo zokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso phokoso lovuta kwambiri popanda kusokoneza komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuponderezana kwakukulu. Ndizokayikitsa kuti nkhondo zaphokoso zidakhudza bwanji kukula kwa mitundu yamakono, koma mulimonse momwe zingakhalire, kwa ambiri aiwo mawu owundana okhala ndi mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono ndi mawonekedwe apadera m'malo molakwika.
Simufunikanso kuyang'ana mitundu yoopsa, ngakhale nyimbo zambiri za hip-hop ndi zodziwika bwino zimadalira kugunda kwamphamvu komanso kuchuluka kwa voliyumu nthawi zonse. Mwachitsanzo, album Yeezu Kanye West amagwiritsa ntchito mawu omveka ngati kukongola kwake, ndipo nthawi yomweyo, safuna kuti ayambe kumvetsera omvera - m'malo mwake, ndi imodzi mwazinthu zosafikirika kwambiri za rapper. Kwa ma projekiti ngati awa, kukhazikika ndi kuchepetsedwa kwa voliyumu kumatha kuganiziridwa, ngati sikunali mwadala, komabe ngati kuletsa ufulu wakulenga.
Kumbali inayi, kuwongolera kwambiri kwa voliyumu kukadali m'manja mwa omvera pa chipangizo chawo, komanso kufunikira kokweza voliyumu pang'ono pamapulojekiti ena anyimbo kuti athe kupititsa patsogolo kamvekedwe ka nyimbo pakupanga nyimbo. General sizikuwoneka ngati zolipira zambiri.
Nkhani yabwino kwambiri iyi! Zoona ndi luso. Ntchito yabwino!
Ndikuvomereza popanda kuzunzidwa kuti ndidachiwombera mwachangu, koma sindikutsimikiza ngati ndikuchipeza bwino.
Ndizimitse kuwongolera voliyumu kulikonse, chifukwa mwina zomwe ndimamvera zitha kusokonekera?
Panopa tili nazo chifukwa oimba ena amafuula kwambiri ndipo ena ali chete ndipo akuyesera kuti afikitse voliyumu?
Kupotoza kudzachitika mwanjira yakuti nyimbo zina zitha kutsekedwa, pomwe zina zitha kukulitsidwa. Osachepera ndi Apple, siziyenera kukhudza mtundu wa kujambula komweko.
Inu mukhoza kunena zimenezo.
Ndipo bwanji Apple?
Chifukwa "katswiri wochita bwino" (Bob Katz) adayesa (popanda Apple, inde) ndipo adati amazichita bwino :-)
Ha
Sindimakonda kutonthola ndi kukulitsidwa monga choncho. Kusokonekera komanso, koposa zonse, kudulidwa mwankhanza kwa kanema ndikowopsa! Ndiko kusintha kwenikweni kwa kumvetsera. Posachedwapa, ndili ndi vuto loti nyimbo zonse zimawoneka kwa ine kukhala zakutali popanda kusintha kwakukulu. Ndinkaganiza kuti ndi nyimbo zoipa basi. Komabe, ngati iwo angakhoze kuchita izo mu utumiki, ndiye izo nzabwino.
Kupotoza komwe mumatchulako kumayamba chifukwa cha kukanikiza kwambiri panthawi yaukadaulo, mwachitsanzo, nyimbo isanafike pa media/internet/etc. Sindikudziwa za ntchito zotsatsira zomwe zimakanikiza nyimbo mwanjira iyi posinthira voliyumu, ngakhale zimachitika nthawi zina pawailesi. M'malo mwake, nsonga yokhazikitsira chete iyenera kukhala kulimbikitsa mitundu yowonjezereka ya nyimbo zomwe zatulutsidwa.
Ndipo kodi pakali pano kuli bwino kuyimitsa kufanana kwa voliyumu ku Spotify, kapena ndizofanana ndi Apple?
Ndikupangira nkhani yakale, yotalikirapo komanso yokhala ndi mitu yambiri:
http://diit.cz/clanek/road-to-hell-aneb-jak-vydavatele-poskozuji-technickou-kvalitu-hudby/36091
Zikomo, ndinamvetsetsa bwino, sindikudziwa ngati ndichifukwa ndimawerenga mosamala, kapena chifukwa cha kufotokozera :-)
Izi mwina sizikhala pano, koma ndingakonde malingaliro anu. Ena iTunes mafilimu ndi kukambirana kumizidwa ndi maziko nyimbo. Izi ndizabwinobwino kapena ndikudwala kale kusamva. Kupuma pakhomo?
Ine mwina ndine wopusa, koma ndizimitse kapena kukweza voliyumu?
Zili ndi inu :-) ...ngati sindikulakwitsa, ziyenera kukhudza voliyumu yokha, osati kuchuluka kwamphamvu kapena zinthu zina za nyimbo.
Ngati wina amvetsera nyimbo pa iPhone kapena Beats mankhwala, iwo sangasamale, palibe amene angathe kuberekanso zojambulidwa zoyambirira mokhulupirika ngakhale paokha. Beats ndi chithunzithunzi cha mahedifoni, izi zimagwiranso ntchito pamizere yapamwamba, BOSE / B & OBEoplay idzapereka chithandizo chabwino kwambiri chandalama zomwezo, ndi Koss / Sennheiser kwa mawaya. Mahedifoni abwino kwambiri a Libratone kapena Audeze Lightning sangafanane ndi kubweza kwa mahedifoni okhala ndi jack 3.5mm omwe ndi otsika mtengo wachitatu. Ma Audeze amafanana ndi avareji yoperekedwa ndi Samsung yokhala ndi 24-bit DAC m'mafoni ake, DAC mumndandanda wa Sony Xperia Z ndi XZ ndiyabwinoko. Mafoni anyimbo ngati V11/V20/G6/Axon sanapitirirebe, ngakhale mafoni oyipa kwambiri okonda nyimbo ngati Lenovo A7010 kapena Marshall London adapeza zoyambira Wolfson WM8281, Vibe X3 yotsika mtengo kwambiri ili ndi kuphatikiza kwa OPA1612+ Saber 9018C2M, palibe iPhone yokhala ndi mphezi zam'mutu sizingafanane ngakhale lingaliro. Mawaya codec a iOS sakhala ochuluka ngakhale kuyerekeza ndi BT4.x akale kuphatikiza SBC, BT5.0 + Aptx oder LDAP imasuntha mailosi patsogolo pa iPhone 7.
Sindingavomereze Koss kuti amvetsere bwino, chifukwa mabasi awo oyaka ndi chivundikiro cha 1/2 cha phokoso. Ndipo kusiyana kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana (chifukwa chake makutu osatopa, ndi zina zotero) mumadziwanso pa Beats shitty... :)
Koss The Plug, Porta Pro ndi Marley Positive Vibration ndi mahedifoni abwino kwambiri pansi pa chikwi ... zimatengera zomwe mumamvera, chifukwa cha "nyimbo" yamtundu wina UR20 ndi yabwino, ngakhale alibe maginito a neodymium. . Kumenyedwa kwa malita 8 kungakhale ndi m'mimba mwake dalaivala monga Porta ovomereza kwa lita imodzi, koma Madoko akadali bwino kumvera, ngakhale anyani ndi lollipop ndi Shakira mu playlist sangavomereze. :/
M'malingaliro anga, madoko ndi owopsa, koma Koss akadali bwino kuposa miyala yamtengo wapatali. Ndimaganizira za kuphatikiza kwa "kubwereza mokhulupirika zojambulidwa zoyambirira" ndi Koss, sizikuyenda bwino limodzi :)
Mutha kugulanso china kuchokera kwa Sennheiser pafupifupi lita imodzi ndipo ndili ndi mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri
Madoko ndi abwino kwambiri pamtengo wake ndipo palibe amene angandiuze za iwo, sindimagwiritsa ntchito kudzimvera ndekha, ndimafalitsa chidziwitso kudzera pazokambirana, chifukwa pamtengo wa Port, kupatula Marley Positive Vibrations, chilichonse ndi s. **t.
Anthu amatha kumvetsera nyimbo pa Marshall Major II, izi ndizowopsa zothandizira kumva. :) Ndicho chifukwa chake ndikupangira Senn kwa waya ndi odziwa zambiri komanso anzeru, komanso opanda zingwe pamtengo wa Beats, ndimakonda Bose / Beoplay. Mutha kupeza zothandizira kumva opanda zingwe ndi ntchito zabwino zambiri MEElectronics Matrix2, anthu apitiliza kugula Marshall Major II BT kuchokera ku Datart m'malo mogwiritsa ntchito zothandizira kumva.
Nanga bwanji Vsonic GR07?
Ndidaletsedwa ndi jager ndi becher chifukwa ndidakonza typos m'mawu mobwerezabwereza... ndiye ndiyeseranso kugawana nawo:
Ndimalemba manambala m'mawuwo kuti ndipewe autoban (ulemu)
Sindikuwadziwa ndipo sindinakhalepo ndi mwayi wokhala nawo m'makutu anga ...
1) Musakhulupirire mawu a František Bín, amapita kukafuna ndalama, amakankhira zinyalala zodabwitsa mu ndemanga monga // makutu am'makalasi, kumbali ina, ndemanga za osewera apakati omwe ali ndi DAC yabwino. ali olinganizika, pali ngakhale atalora kupatsidwa chiphuphu, osewerawo 90 sanganene miseche chifukwa palibe malo ambiri, aliyense amamuseka. :)
2) Otík Šéne wochokera ku HN amayesa kukhala ndi cholinga mu ndemanga zake zam'mutu, koma ndemanga iliyonse imakhala yokhazikika chifukwa cha zolephera zakumva kapena chifukwa akonzi opusa 43 amamvetsera chilichonse chomwe akufuna pa izo, pamene sakufotokoza mwachindunji kuchokera ku mawebusaiti akunja. Zomwe ndimayamikira za Otík ndikuti wamvetsera nyimbo ziwiri: Smetana ndi Metallica, amalemba ndemanga zochokera ku 67 kumvetsera kuchokera kwa oimba nyimbo otsika / iPhone, akhoza kupereka malangizo abwino kuchokera kwa wogula wamba.
Ndikadadzisankhira ndekha RHA T20i, yang'anani pa amazon de ndi ebay com, mupeza mtengo wofanana wa 76 monga Vsonic, pafupifupi theka la mtengo wa T20i mu CZ eshops. :)
3) M'mayine ndi m'magazini akunja a HiFi, ziphuphu zimaperekedwa ngati wamisala, akonzi akumaloko amakopera zolemba zakunja, ambiri mwa akonzi am'deralo a 1992 alibe ngakhale maphunziro ochepa aukadaulo, kumva, luso, chilichonse. 89 Zingamveke ngati zachikale, koma yesani kulemba ndemanga ya amplifier ngati simukudziwa zofunikira zamagetsi, simunapangepo transiwatt tw 40, simutsegula chivundikiro cha bokosi lolumikizirana, simungathe kulemba (Y ndi yolondola) ubwino wa zigawozo. Mkonzi wodziwa bwino nthawi yomweyo amawona zomwe zili patsogolo pake atachotsa chivindikiro ndikumvetsera amatsimikizira zomwe akuganiza kapena kunena mwachidule kuti mainjiniya alephera kugwiritsa ntchito kuthekera kwa hw.
4) Ngati mubwerera mmbuyo kuchokera ku zofunikira za mapangidwe, chifukwa cha 20 zikwi CZK mukhoza kugula kumvetsera kunyumba komwe kuli kofanana ndi zigawo zitatu kapena zisanu zamtengo wapatali, koma muyenera kudziwa zomwe mukufuna, musasankhe wolandira ndi DLNA/AirPlay kuthandizira ndikulumikiza matekinoloje awa mzere ngati bokosi lakunja lomwe mungagule pa eBay kwa zikwi zingapo.
5) Sindikudziwa momwe mu AppStore, ndili ndi pulogalamu yoyesera makutu osiyanasiyana pa XZ, ngati mutagwirizanitsa mahedifoni oyenera, mukhoza kuyesa mtundu wanu mosavuta.
6) Ngati wina akufuna kukopeka 66 Kossy, malangizo awiri kapena atatu:
gulani pa eBay 8879
768 ali ndi mitundu yaku US yotumizidwa
kusankha mwanzeru ndi zidutswa za mbiri yakale, 456 zomwe nthawi zina zimawonekera
Ndiwona zomwe ndingapeze. Ndilibe mahedifoni pompano. Ndinali ndi ma GR07 ndikuwagula chifukwa chowunikiranso ndipo zidayenda bwino nkhumba isanadye.
Ndikumvera Dead Can Dance pa izo, kotero imatha kusewera ndipo mutha kudziwa kusiyana kwake.
nchifukwa chiyani mumatcha ma headphone a marshall major ii owopsa?
Amasewera ngati mipira kwa 69, - kuchokera ku Sapa.
Munthu amene amayamika madoko ndiye akuti MM II ndimasewera ngati thanthwe kwa 69... Ndakhala ndi MM kwa zaka zitatu ndi theka pachaka, phokoso limakhala bwino katatu, mitengo ikufanana ndi porta pro
Kungoti mulibe, MM II ndi chinyengo cha anthu opusa, Madoko amasewera bwino kwambiri. MM sagwiritsidwanso ntchito pazitsulo. Ngati munagula Marley Positive Vibrations m'malo mwa MM, mungasangalalenso ndi phokoso labwino kusiyana ndi phokoso la phokoso, MM imamveka ngati yoipa kwambiri monga mzere wa Beats.
Ma Beats ndi mahedifoni okwera mtengo kwambiri omwe amamveka mokweza kwambiri. Kupanda kutero, sindikugwirizana nanu, ndili ndi madoko onse ndi mm II kunyumba. Ndidamvera kudzera pa sony discman yanga ndipo m'magulu onse amitengo imasewera bwino. Mwina mudayesa cholakwika mm II pa mp3 ndi 128 bitrate kapena ndiwe amene mudang'ambika.
Zikomo pozindikiranso discman :) Ndikumvera 32bit DAC yochita bwino kwambiri yokhala ndi preamp yopingasa kwambiri komanso mphamvu yotulutsa mphamvu kuposa yomwe mungapeze pamagetsi ambiri ogula am'thumba. Simuyenera kudandaula za mtundu wa gwero kapena chiyambi cha zojambulazo. Ndine wa m'badwo womwe uli ndi zolemba zakale za LP kunyumba. Ndinapanga Transiwatt TW40 yanga mu 20s yanga.
BTW discman, monga ma walkmans ambiri ali ndi zofooka kwambiri. Palibe chomwe chingafanane ndi icho, kotero mosakayika popanda chokulitsa chomverera m'makutu, chatanthauzo chidzawononga nthawi pafupifupi 10 mtengo wa MMII ergo, ngati sindinkafuna kusangalala ndi mwana yemwe amayi kapena abambo adamusangalatsa. , Ndikalemba kuti muyambe kupeza osachepera wosewera mpira wodzipereka wapakatikati.
Ndizowona kuti kumvetsera kwa MMII kumadzutsa kugwedezeka kodziwika bwino kuchokera ku MPEG-3 mp1 zosinthidwa kuchokera ku .wav mu 94 pa studio Pentium 75, ngakhale tinagwiritsa ntchito SoundBlaster 32 pomvetsera :P
Ma MMII ali ngati "wolankhula wamkati" pa XT286 PC.
Kunena zoona, ngati inu kulumikiza iwo ndi iPhone, zilibe kanthu chifukwa kumvetsera pa iPhone sangakhoze anasangalala, samathanso anasangalala. Ndiwodziwika kwa anthu osadandaula, ngakhale eni ake a DAC ochokera ku Qualcomm mu Snap820 amatha kupanga nyimbo zabwinoko. Lenovo A7010 Pro yakale ndiyoyenera kumvera nyimbo kuposa iPhone.
Sindingathe kuneneratu kuti kuwonongeka kwa nyimbo pa iPhone kudzatha liti, ndikungokhulupirira kuti tsiku lina Apple idzayambitsa iPhone "pro" yomwe ingakhutiritse ngakhale omvera omwe akufuna zambiri kuposa kumvetsera nyimbo zomwe zimamveka kuchokera ku FM. wailesi pa MC kaseti mu mawonekedwe digito.
IPhone yokhala ndi DAC yabwino (chinachake chofanana ndi SABER ES9018K2M, ES9018/9218, ES9601, E9016, E9602, TI OPA1612) m'malo mwa noname/Cirrus Logic kwa theka la tambala ndi kamera yabwinoko yomwe ingafanane ndi wazaka zitatu. mpikisano wa IMX220 ndi 1/2.4 ″ wokhala ndi chiganizo choyenera komanso mawonekedwe apamwamba kwambiri adzayambitsidwa ndi Apple m'zaka zisanu koyambirira, ndipo ndani akudziwa ngati, koma pofika opikisana nawo onse adzakhala ena asanu. zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri patsogolo pa iPhone.
Wodumphira adzagula iPhone + MMII, wanzeru adzagula LG V10 yokhala ndi batire yatsopano pamsika, V10 yatsopano pagawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu amtengo pa eBay, yokonzedwanso theka la zomwe zili mu CZ bazaars + BOSE QC35, BeoPlay H8, Senn Momentum, Urbanite kapena Koss Porta Pro ochokera ku USA. :) Pafoni yanyimbo, kuwonjezera pa kujambula kujambula, muyenera kugula wosewera wokwanira pa Play Store yemwe amatha kuyambitsa amplifier odzipatulira (nthawi zambiri amayenda pa Qualcomm) kapena kutsitsa chothandizira kuchokera pabwalo.
Sindikupangira Pory, pafupifupi 1000 inali Sennheiser PX 100, yomveka bwino kwambiri.
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