Vratislav Holub Pamene Apple inayambitsa Macs oyambirira ndi Apple Silicon, yomwe imayendetsedwa ndi chip yake yotchedwa M1, idakwanitsa kudabwitsa dziko lonse ndikudzutsa mafunso ambiri nthawi imodzi. Zachidziwikire, adawonekera kale pakuwonetsa pulojekiti ya Apple Silicon motere, koma nthawi ino aliyense anali ndi chidwi chofuna kudziwa ngati zolosera zawo zoyambirira zidzakwaniritsidwadi. Funso lalikulu linali pankhani yoyambitsa kapena kuyambitsa makina ena ogwiritsira ntchito, makamaka Windows. Popeza chipangizo cha M1 chimachokera pamapangidwe osiyanasiyana (ARM64), mwatsoka sichingayendetse machitidwe achikhalidwe monga Windows 10 (ikuyenda pa x86 zomangamanga).
Kumbukirani kukhazikitsidwa kwa chipangizo cha M1, choyamba m'banja la Apple Silicon, lomwe pakali pano limapereka mphamvu pa Mac Mac 4 ndi iPad Pro:
Zithunzi
Ngakhale sizikuwoneka bwino ndi Windows mwachindunji (pakadali pano), nthawi zabwinoko zikuwala kwa wosewera "wamkulu" wotsatira, yemwe ndi Linux. Kwa pafupifupi chaka, ntchito yayikulu yakhala ikuchitika yonyamula Linux kupita ku Mac ndi chipangizo cha M1. Ndipo zotsatira zake zimawoneka zolimbikitsa. Linux Kernel ya Mac yokhala ndi chip yake (Apple Silicon) inalipo kale kumapeto kwa Juni. Komabe, tsopano omwe adayambitsa izi anena kuti dongosolo la Linux likugwiritsidwa ntchito kale ngati kompyuta yanthawi zonse pazida izi za Apple. Asahi Linux tsopano ikuyenda bwino kuposa kale, koma ili ndi malire ake ndi zolakwika zina.
Oyendetsa
Zomwe zikuchitika pano, ndizotheka kale kuyendetsa Linux yokhazikika pa M1 Macs, koma mwatsoka ilibe chithandizo chothandizira kuthamangitsa zithunzi, zomwe zili choncho ndi mtundu waposachedwa wotchedwa 5.16. Komabe, gulu la opanga mapulogalamu likugwira ntchito molimbika pantchitoyo, chifukwa adakwanitsa kuchita zomwe anthu ena amaganiza kuti sizingatheke pomwe polojekiti ya Apple Silicon idayambitsidwa. Makamaka, adatha kuyika madalaivala a PCIe ndi USB-C PD. Madalaivala ena a Printctrl, I2C, ASC mailbox, IOMMU 4K ndi dalaivala kasamalidwe ka chipangizo ali okonzeka, koma tsopano akuyembekezera kuyang'anitsitsa ndikutumidwanso.
Opanga ndiye amawonjezera momwe zimagwirira ntchito ndi owongolera. Kuti agwire bwino ntchito, amayenera kulumikizidwa mwamphamvu ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito motero kuti adziwe ngakhale zing'onozing'ono (mwachitsanzo, chiwerengero cha zikhomo ndi zina zotero). Kupatula apo, izi ndizofunika kwa tchipisi tambirimbiri, ndipo m'badwo watsopano uliwonse wa Hardware, madalaivala amafunikanso kusinthidwa kuti apereke chithandizo cha 100%. Komabe, Apple imabweretsa china chatsopano m'munda uno ndipo imangokhala yosiyana ndi ena onse. Chifukwa cha njirayi, ndizotheka kuti madalaivala sangagwire ntchito pa Mac okha ndi M1, komanso olowa m'malo awo, omwe ali mwa zina zomwe dziko silinafufuzidwe kwambiri la zomangamanga za ARM64. Mwachitsanzo, gawo lotchedwa UART lomwe limapezeka mu chipangizo cha M1 lili ndi mbiri yambiri ndipo titha kuzipeza ngakhale mu iPhone yoyamba.
Kodi kutengera tchipisi tatsopano za Apple Silicon kumakhala kosavuta?
Kutengera zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa, funso likubwera ngati kuyika kwa Linux komaliza kapena kukonzekera kwake ma Mac omwe akuyembekezeredwa okhala ndi tchipisi tatsopano kudzakhala kosavuta. Inde, sitikudziwa yankho la funsoli, osati ndi chitsimikizo cha 100%. Koma malinga ndi omwe adayambitsa ntchitoyi, ndizotheka. Pakalipano, ndikofunikira kudikirira kubwera kwa Mac ndi tchipisi ta M1X kapena M2.
Izo zikhoza kukhala chidwi inu
Komabe, tsopano tikhoza kusangalala kuti polojekiti ya Asahi Linux yapita patsogolo. Ngakhale pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zikusowabe, mwachitsanzo chithandizo chomwe chatchulidwa kale cha mathamangitsidwe a GPU kapena madalaivala ena, akadali kachitidwe kogwiritsa ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, pakali pano pali funso la komwe gawo ili lidzasuntha pakapita nthawi.
