Ondrej Holzman Panopa akuthamangira kukhothi la Circuit ku Oakland, California boj pakati pa Apple ndi otsutsa, omwe amaimira makasitomala pafupifupi 8 miliyoni komanso ogulitsa akuluakulu, ngati kampani ya Apple inaletsa mpikisano pazaka khumi zapitazi ndi chitetezo mu iTunes ndi iPods. Apple imati sichinachite cholakwika, otsutsa amaganiza mosiyana.
Otsutsa akufunafuna $ 351 miliyoni zowonongeka kuchokera ku Apple, ponena kuti zosintha za Apple zomwe zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito ku iTunes sizinali zabwino zokhazokha, osati kuchokera kwa ogwiritsa ntchito. Pamodzi ndi iPod nano yatsopano yomwe idayambitsidwa mu 2006, kampani yaku California idayimbidwa mlandu woletsa makasitomala komanso kuphwanya malamulo oletsa kukhulupilira.
iPod kwa iTunes okha
"Inali ndi kukumbukira kawiri ndipo idabwera m'mitundu isanu," loya wa odandaula Bonnie Sweeney adatero m'mawu ake otsegulira Lachiwiri, "koma zomwe Apple sanauze makasitomala ndikuti code yomwe idabwera ndi Nano yatsopano inalinso ndi 'Keybag Verification. Kodi '. Nano code iyi sinaifulumizitse kapena kukweza mawu ake mwanjira iliyonse ... siyinapangitse kuti ikhale yokongola kapena yokongola. M'malo mwake, idalepheretsa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe adagula mwalamulo nyimbo kwa mpikisano kuti azisewera pa ma iPod awo. ”
Makamaka, tikukamba za zosintha za iTunes 7.0 ndi 7.4, zomwe, malinga ndi otsutsa, zinali zotsutsana ndi mpikisano. Apple siyikuimbidwa mlandu wogwiritsa ntchito DRM kuti atetezedwe pamakope aliwonse, koma pakusintha DRM yake kuti isagwire ntchito ndi Real Networks 'mpikisano wa Harmony, mwachitsanzo.
Nyimbo zogulidwa kuchokera ku iTunes zidasindikizidwa ndipo zimatha kuseweredwa pa ma iPod okha. Wogwiritsa ntchito akafuna kusinthana ndi nyimbo yomwe akupikisana nayo, ankafunika kuwotcha nyimbozo n’kuziika pa CD, n’kuzitumiza ku kompyuta ina, kenako n’kuzitumiza ku chosewerera cha MP3 china. "Izi zidalimbitsa udindo wa Apple," adatero Sweeny.
Mfundo yakuti Apple idayesa kuletsa mpikisano pazogulitsa zake idatsimikiziridwa ndi wodandaulayo ndi maimelo ena amkati a oimira apamwamba a kampaniyo. "Jeff, titha kusintha china chake pano," Steve Jobs adalembera Jeff Robbins pomwe Real Networks idayambitsa Harmony mu 2006, zomwe zimakulolani kusewera mpikisano pa iPod. Patatha masiku angapo, Robbins adauza anzake kuti njira zosavuta ziyenera kuchitidwa.
Polankhulana mkati ndi mkulu wa zamalonda a Phil Schiller, Jobs adatchula Real Networks ngati owononga omwe akuyesera kuti alowe mu iPod yake, ngakhale kuti gawo la msika la mpikisano panthawiyo linali laling'ono.
Harmony inali yowopsa
Koma maloya a Apple momveka ali ndi malingaliro osiyana pa iTunes 7.0 ndi 7.4, yomwe idayambitsidwa mu Seputembara 2006 komanso chaka chotsatira mu Seputembara 2007, motsatana. "Mukapeza kumapeto kwa mlanduwo kuti iTunes 7.0 ndi 7.4 zinali zosintha zenizeni, ndiye kuti mupeza kuti Apple sanalakwitse mpikisano," a William Isaacson adauza oweruza asanu ndi atatu m'mawu ake oyamba.
Malingana ndi iye, zosintha zomwe zatchulidwazi zinali makamaka za kukonza iTunes, osati lingaliro labwino loletsa Harmony, ndipo mtundu wa 7.0 unali "wosintha kwambiri kuyambira iTunes yoyamba". Ngakhale kuti kutulutsidwa kumeneku sikunali kwa DRM, Isaacson adavomereza kuti Apple adawonadi dongosolo la Real Networks ngati wolowerera mu dongosolo lake. Obera ambiri anayesa kuthyolako iTunes mwa izo.
"Harmony inali mapulogalamu omwe ankayenda popanda chilolezo. Ankafuna kusokoneza iPod ndi iTunes ndi kubera FairPlay (dzina la Apple DRM system - cholemba mkonzi). Zinali zowopseza kwa ogwiritsa ntchito komanso mtundu wa malonda, "atero Isaacson Lachiwiri, kutsimikizira kuti pakati pa zosintha zina, iTunes 7.0 ndi 7.4 zidabweretsanso kusintha kwa encryption, zomwe zidayika Harmony pabizinesi.
M'mawu ake otsegulira, Isaacson adanenanso kuti Real Networks - ngakhale wosewera wofunikira - sadzawonekeranso kukhothi. Komabe, Woweruza Rogers adauza oweruza kuti anyalanyaze kusowa kwa mboni za Real Networks chifukwa kampaniyo siili nawo pamilandu.
Kuchotsa nyimbo popanda chenjezo
Mlanduwo udapitilira Lachitatu, a Patrick Coughlin, loya woyimira ogwiritsa ntchito, akufotokozera oweruza momwe Apple idachotsera nyimbo zomwe zidagulidwa m'masitolo omwe amapikisana nawo pama iPod ake popanda chidziwitso pakati pa 2007 ndi 2009. "Mwaganiza zowapatsa zomwe zingatheke ndikuwononga malaibulale awo a nyimbo," adatero Apple Coughlin.
Kalelo, pamene wosuta adatsitsa nyimbo kuchokera ku sitolo yopikisana ndikuyesera kuzigwirizanitsa ndi iPod, uthenga wolakwika unatuluka wolangiza wogwiritsa ntchito kubwezeretsanso wosewerayo ku fakitale. Ndiye pamene wosuta anabwezeretsa iPod, mpikisano nyimbo mbisoweka. Apple idapanga dongosolo kuti "lisawuze ogwiritsa ntchito za vutoli," adatero Coughlin.
Ndichifukwa chake, pamlandu wazaka khumi, odandaulawo akufuna $ 351 miliyoni yomwe tatchulayi kuchokera ku Apple, yomwe ingathenso kuwonjezeka katatu chifukwa cha malamulo a US antitrust.
Apple idatsutsa kuti inali njira yovomerezeka yachitetezo. "Sitinayenera kupatsa ogwiritsa ntchito zambiri, sitinkafuna kuwasokoneza," adatero mkulu wa chitetezo Augustin Farrugia. Iye anauza oweruza kuti hackers ngati "DVD Jon" ndi "Requiem" anapanga apulo "kwambiri paranoid" za kuteteza iTunes. "Dongosololi linabedwa kwathunthu," Farrugia adaganiza chifukwa chake Apple idachotsa nyimbo zopikisana pazogulitsa zake.
"Wina akulowa m'nyumba mwanga," Steve Jobs analemba mu imelo ina kwa Eddy Cue, yemwe anali kuyang'anira iTunes. Otsutsa akuyembekezeka kuwonetsa mauthenga ena amkati a Apple ngati umboni pamlanduwo, ndipo ndi Cue ndi Phil Schiller yemwe adzawonekera pa mboni. Nthawi yomweyo, otsutsa akuyembekezeka kugwiritsa ntchito mbali zina za kanema waumboni wa Steve Jobs kuyambira 2011.
Zochititsa manyazi kwambiri. Ndikukhulupirira kuti Apple itaya nkhondoyi moyenera.