Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa VGA, DVI, HDMI ndi zolumikizira zina zamakanema

Pafupifupi chilichonse padziko lapansi chimachitika pakapita nthawi. Tikamakalamba, zinthu zatsopano, matekinoloje osinthika komanso kuwongolera kwanzeru zopangira zimapangidwa. Ngakhale kuti tikuyenda pang'onopang'ono mu nthawi ya opanda zingwe, timagwiritsabe ntchito zingwe ndi zolumikizira makanema nthawi zambiri kutumiza zithunzi. M'nkhaniyi, tiyeni tione zolumikizira mavidiyo otchuka kwambiri, kapena momwe apitira patsogolo pang'onopang'ono kwa zaka zambiri.

VGA

VGA (Video Graphic Array) ndi imodzi mwamitundu yofala kwambiri yolumikizira makanema kapena zingwe m'mbuyomu. Mutha kupezabe cholumikizira ichi pazida zambiri masiku ano, kuphatikiza zowunikira, ma TV ndi ma laputopu akale. IBM ili kumbuyo kwa cholumikizira ichi, chomwe chidawona kuwala kwa tsiku mu 1978. Cholumikizira cha VGA chimatha kuwonetsa ma pixel a 640x480 okhala ndi mitundu 16, koma ngati muchepetse chiganizocho kukhala ma pixel 320x200, ndiye kuti mitundu 256 ilipo - tikulankhula za cholumikizira choyambirira cha VGA, inde, osati matembenuzidwe ake abwino. Kusamvana kotchulidwa kwa mapikiselo a 320x200 okhala ndi mitundu 256 ndiko kutchulidwa kwa mawonekedwe otchedwa Mode 13h, mukhoza kukumana nawo poyambitsa kompyuta mumayendedwe otetezeka, kapena ndi masewera ena akale. VGA imatha kutumiza ma siginecha a RGBHV, mwachitsanzo, Red, Blue, Green, Horizontal Sync ndi Vertical Sync. Chingwe chokhala ndi cholumikizira chodziwika bwino cha VGA nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi zomangira ziwiri, chifukwa chomwe chingwecho chimatha "kutetezedwa" kuti chisagwere cholumikizira.

Zithunzi

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RCA

Mutha kusiyanitsa cholumikizira cha RCA ndi zolumikizira zina zamakanema poyang'ana koyamba. Muyezo uwu umagwiritsa ntchito zingwe zitatu (zolumikizira zapadera), pomwe imodzi imakhala yofiira, yachiwiri yoyera ndi yachitatu yachikasu. Kuphatikiza pa kanema, cholumikizira ichi chitha kufalitsanso mawu, RCA idagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri kuyambira 90s yazaka zapitazi komanso koyambirira kwa zaka chikwi zatsopano. Panthawiyo, izi zinali zolumikizira zodziwika bwino komanso zoyambira pamasewera ambiri (mwachitsanzo, Nintendo Wii). Makanema ambiri masiku ano amathandizirabe RCA. Dzina RCA alibe chochita ndi luso lokha, ndi chidule cha Radio Corporation of America, amene kutchuka kugwirizana uku. Cholumikizira chofiira ndi choyera chimasamalira kufalitsa kwa audio, chingwe chachikasu ndiye kufalitsa kanema. RCA inatha kufalitsa ma audio ndi kanema mu 480i kapena 576i resolution.

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DVI

Digital Visual Interface, yofupikitsidwa DVI, idawona kuwala kwa tsiku mu 1999. Mwachindunji, gulu la Digital Display Working liri kumbuyo kwa cholumikizira ichi ndipo ndi cholowa m'malo mwa cholumikizira cha VGA. Cholumikizira cha DVI chimatha kufalitsa kanema m'njira zitatu:

• DVI-I (Yophatikizidwa) amaphatikiza kutumiza kwa digito ndi analogi mkati mwa cholumikizira chimodzi.
• DVI-D (Ya digito) imathandizira kufalitsa kwa digito.
• DVI-A (Analogi) imathandizira kutumiza kwa analogi kokha.

DVI-I ndi DVI-D analipo m'mitundu imodzi kapena iwiri. Mtundu wa ulalo umodzi udatha kufalitsa vidiyo yowoneka bwino ya pixels 1920x1200 pamlingo wotsitsimula wa 60 Hz, ulalo wapawiri-mawu kenako ndikusintha kwa pixels mpaka 2560x1600 pa 60 Hz. Pofuna kupewa kukalamba kofulumira kwa zida zokhala ndi cholumikizira cha analogi cha VGA, mtundu womwe tatchulawa wa DVI-A udapangidwa, womwe udatha kutumiza chizindikiro cha analogi. Chifukwa cha izi, mutha kulumikiza chingwe cha DVI-A ku VGA yakale pogwiritsa ntchito chochepetsera ndipo chilichonse chidzagwira ntchito popanda mavuto - zochepetserazi zimagwiritsidwabe ntchito lero.

Zithunzi #3

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HDMI

HDMI - High Definition Media Input - ili m'gulu la zolumikizira zodziwika bwino masiku ano. Mawonekedwewa adapangidwa pophatikiza makampani angapo, omwe ndi Sony, Sanyo ndi Toshiba. Zolumikizira za HDMI zimatha kutumiza zithunzi zosakanizidwa ndi zomvera kwa oyang'anira makompyuta, oyang'anira kunja, ma TV kapena ma DVD ndi Blu-ray osewera. Komabe, HDMI yamakono ndi yosiyana kwambiri ndi yoyamba. Mtundu waposachedwa kwambiri wa cholumikizira ichi ndi chomwe chimatchedwa HDMI 2.1, chomwe chinawala zaka zitatu zapitazo. Chifukwa cha mtundu watsopanowu, ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kusamutsa zithunzi za 8K (kuchokera pachiwonetsero choyambirira cha 4K), bandwidth idawonjezedwa mpaka 48 Gbit/s. Zingwe za HDMI ndizogwirizana kumbuyo, kotero mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zingwe zaposachedwa ngakhale ndi zida zakale zomwe zili ndi mtundu wakale wa HDMI. Chojambulira cha HDMI chimagwiritsa ntchito miyezo yofanana ndi DVI, yomwe imapangitsa kuti zolumikizirazi zizigwirizana wina ndi mzake pogwiritsira ntchito kuchepetsa, ndipo kuwonjezera apo, palibe kuwonongeka kwa chithunzithunzi. Komabe, mosiyana ndi HDMI, DVI sichirikiza kufalitsa kwa audio. Mitundu itatu ya HDMI ndiyomwe imadziwika kwambiri - mtundu A ndi cholumikizira chamtundu wa HDMI, mtundu C kapena Mini-HDMI nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamapiritsi kapena laputopu, ndipo yaying'ono kwambiri ya Micro-HDMI (mtundu wa D) imatha kupezeka pazosankha. zida zam'manja.

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DisplayPort

DisplayPort ndi mawonekedwe a digito omwe amathandizidwa ndi Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA). Amapangidwira kufalitsa makanema ndi ma audio, mwanjira yofanana ndi cholumikizira cha HDMI. DisplayPort 2.0 imathandizira kusamvana kwakukulu kwa 8K ndi HDR, pomwe DisplayPort nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza zowunikira zingapo zakunja kuti zikhale zosavuta. Komabe, zolumikizira za HDMI ndi DisplayPort zimapangidwira magawo osiyanasiyana amsika. Ngakhale HDMI idapangidwira zida za "zosangalatsa" zapakhomo, DisplayPort idapangidwa kuti ilumikizane ndi zida zamakompyuta ndi oyang'anira. Chifukwa cha zinthu zofanana, DisplayPort ndi HDMI zitha "kusinthidwa" pankhaniyi - ingogwiritsani ntchito adaputala ya Dual-Mode DisplayPort. Pogwiritsa ntchito zolumikizira za Thunderbolt kapena Thunderbolt 2 pa Macs, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito Mini DisplayPort (pakutulutsa kanema) - osati mwanjira ina (ie Mini DisplayPort -> Thunderbolt).

Zithunzi #5

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Chiphokoso

Mawonekedwe a Bingu atha kupezeka makamaka pamakompyuta a Apple, i.e. ya iMacs, MacBooks, etc. Intel inagwirizana ndi kampani ya apulo pa muyezo uwu. Mtundu woyamba wa cholumikizira ichi udayambanso mu 2011 pomwe MacBook Pro idayambitsidwa. Kuphatikiza pakutha kukhala ngati cholumikizira makanema, Bingu limatha kuchita zambiri. Thunderbolt imaphatikiza PCI Express ndi DisplayPort, ndikuthanso kupereka mwachindunji. Chifukwa cha izi, mutha kulumikiza zida 6 zosiyanasiyana pogwiritsa ntchito chingwe chimodzi. Kuti izi zisakhale zophweka, Thunderbolt 3 imagwirizana ndi USB-C - komabe, mfundozi siziyenera kusokonezedwa chifukwa cha kusiyana kwawo. USB-C ndiyopepuka komanso yocheperako kuposa Thunderbolt 3. Chifukwa chake ngati muli ndi Thunderbolt 3 pazida zanu, mutha kulumikiza chingwe cha USB-C ndikuchita zonse, koma mwanjira ina sizingatheke.

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Kukambitsirana kwa nkhaniyo

[Vladimir]

Kwa Mulungu, ndi munthu wanji amene amalukira maapulo ndi mapeyala??? Cholumikizira ndi cholumikizira cha Hardware ndipo mawonekedwe ake ndi osiyana kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo lembani VGA CONNECTOR ili ndi lingaliro la 320 × 200 ndiye amateur wofunikira! Cholumikizira cha VGA chimathandizira kusamvana kuchokera ku CGA kupita ku QXGA. Ndi zina zotero.

[Jan M]

Ndili ndi Full HD monitor yolumikizidwa ndi VGA. Ndiye bwanji 640 × 480. Kupatula apo, chigamulocho chimatsimikiziridwa ndi khadi lazithunzi. Cholumikizira cha VGA chili ndi mapini 15 okha m'mizere itatu.

[mawu]

Iyi ndi nkhani yakale VGA ndi chisankho chenicheni cha 640 x 480
sVGA ndi 800×600, ena ali ndi mayina ena, koma ali m'mbuyo n'zogwirizana ndi VGA kusamvana

[Jan M]

Ndipo SCART yodziwika bwino ili kuti?

[mawu]

Pa TV yanu yakale kapena pa VCR yafumbi

[Pavel]

Chabwino, osati zochepa zokha, komanso zolumikizira za S-Video kapena BNC.