Michal Marek Lipoti la Amnesty International anasonyeza kuti mmodzi wa ogulitsa ambiri makampani lalikulu luso, kuphatikizapo Apple, Microsoft, Sony, Samsung ndi Mwachitsanzo, Daimler ndi Volkswagen ntchito ana. Ku Democratic Republic of the Congo, ana adagwira nawo migodi ya cobalt, yomwe pambuyo pake idagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mabatire a Li-Ion. Izi zidagwiritsidwa ntchito pazogulitsa zamitundu yayikuluyi.
Cobalt yotulutsidwa isanafike pazimphona zaukadaulo zomwe tazitchulazo, zimayenda mtunda wautali. Cobalt yomwe amakumbidwa ndi anawo idagulidwa koyamba ndi amalonda akumaloko, omwe amagulitsanso ku kampani yamigodi ya Congo Dongfang Mining. Otsatirawa ndi nthambi ya kampani yaku China ya Zhejiang Huayou Cobalt Ltd, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti Huayou Cobalt. Kampaniyi imagwiritsa ntchito cobalt ndikuigulitsa kwa opanga atatu osiyanasiyana azinthu za batri. Izi ndi Toda Hunan Shanshen New Material, Tianjin Bamo Technology ndi L&F Materal. Zida za batri zimagulidwa ndi opanga mabatire, omwe amagulitsa mabatire omalizidwa kumakampani monga Apple kapena Samsung.
Komabe, molingana ndi Mark Dummett wochokera ku Amnesty International, izi sizimakhululukira makampaniwa, ndipo aliyense amene amapindula ndi cobalt yopezedwa motere ayenera kutenga nawo mbali kuthetsa vutoli. Siziyenera kukhala vuto kuti makampani akuluakulu ngati amenewa athandize ana amenewa.
“Anawo adauza Amnesty International kuti amagwira ntchito kwa maola 12 patsiku ndipo amanyamula katundu wolemera kuti apeze ndalama pakati pa dola imodzi kapena ziwiri patsiku. Mu 2014, malinga ndi UNICEF, pafupifupi ana 40 amagwira ntchito m'migodi ku Democratic Republic of the Congo, ambiri mwa iwo ankakumba cobalt.
Kufufuza kwa Amnesty International kumachokera pa zokambirana ndi anthu 87 omwe amagwira ntchito m'migodi ya cobalt. Mwa anthuwa panali ana khumi ndi asanu ndi awiri azaka zapakati pa 9 ndi 17. Ofufuzawo adatha kupeza zinthu zowoneka bwino zomwe zikuwonetsa zoopsa m'migodi momwe ogwira ntchito amagwira ntchito, nthawi zambiri popanda zida zodzitetezera.
Ana nthawi zambiri ankagwira ntchito pamalo okwera, kunyamula katundu wolemera komanso kusamalira mankhwala owopsa m'malo afumbi. Kuwonekera kwa nthawi yayitali ku fumbi la cobalt kwatsimikizira kuti kumayambitsa matenda a m'mapapo ndi zotsatira zakupha.
Malinga ndi Amnesty International, msika wa cobalt suyendetsedwa mwanjira iliyonse ndipo ku United States, mosiyana ndi golidi wa ku Congo, tini ndi tungsten, sikunatchulidwe kuti ndi "ngozi". Dziko la Democratic Republic of Congo ndi lomwe limapanga pafupifupi theka la cobalt padziko lonse lapansi.
Apple, yomwe yayamba kale kufufuza momwe zinthu ziliri, ndi pro BBC ananena zotsatirazi: "Sitilekerera kugwiriridwa kwa ana m'ntchito yathu yogulitsira zinthu ndipo timanyadira kutsogolera makampaniwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zotetezera ndi chitetezo."
Kampaniyo idachenjezanso kuti imachita macheke okhwima ndipo wogulitsa aliyense wogwiritsa ntchito ana akuyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti wogwira ntchitoyo abwerera kwawo ali otetezeka, kulipira maphunziro a wogwira ntchitoyo, kupitiriza kulipira malipiro omwe alipo komanso kumupatsa wogwira ntchitoyo ntchito ikangofika pakufunika. zaka. Kuphatikiza apo, Apple akuti ikuyang'anitsitsa mtengo womwe cobalt imagulitsidwa.
Mlanduwu sikoyamba kuti kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ana pagulu la Apple kuwululidwa. Mu 2013, kampaniyo idalengeza kuti idathetsa mgwirizano ndi m'modzi mwa ogulitsa ake aku China pomwe idapeza milandu yolembedwa ntchito kwa ana. M'chaka chomwecho, Apple inakhazikitsa bungwe lapadera loyang'anira pa maphunziro, lomwe lakhala likuthandiza pulogalamu yomwe idatchulidwa kuyambira nthawi imeneyo Udindo Wopereka. Izi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zida zonse zogulidwa ndi Apple zimachokera kumalo otetezeka antchito.
Diso limodzi mwina silinawume. Chabwino, ndilemba ndemanga iyi, ndithyole foni ndi nyundo ndikupita kunkhalango kukatola khungwa. Winawake ayenera kuyamba. Kumbali ina, mafoni ndi omwe "Kongo Children Friendly" adapereka. Chaka ndi chaka, chitsanzo pambuyo pa chitsanzo, tochi imakhala yaying'ono komanso yaying'ono. Ngati mafoni opanda mabatire ndi 1mm wandiweyani, ndiye kuti ana ku Congo adzatha kusewera mosangalala. Tikufuna asilikali ana, amene amakonda dziko masewera awo.