Libor Kubín Tinakubweretserani sabata yapitayo chitsanzo choyamba kuchokera m'buku la The Steve Jobs Journey lolemba Jay Elliot. Wotola maapulo akubweretserani chitsanzo chachidule chachiwiri.
6. GULU LOKHALA ZOPHUNZITSA
Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pagulu lililonse ndikukonza dongosolo lake kuti likwaniritse zosowa zabizinesi. M'zaka zoyambirira za Apple, kampaniyo idachita bwino pakuchita bwino kwa Apple II. Zogulitsa zinali zazikulu komanso zikuchulukirachulukira mwezi uliwonse, Steve Jobs adakhala dziko laukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri komanso chizindikiro cha zinthu za Apple. Kumbuyo kwa zonsezi kunali Steve Wozniak, yemwe anali kulandira ngongole yochepa kuposa momwe ankayenera kukhala katswiri waluso.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1980, chithunzicho chinayamba kusintha, koma oyang'anira a Apple sanawone mavuto omwe akubwera, omwe adaphimbidwanso ndi kupambana kwachuma kwa kampaniyo.
Nthawi zabwino kwambiri, nthawi zoyipa kwambiri
Inali nthawi imene dziko lonse linali kuvutika. Kumayambiriro kwa 1983 sikunali nthawi yabwino kwa bizinesi yayikulu mumakampani aliwonse. Ronald Reagan adalowa m'malo mwa Jimmy Carter mu White House, ndipo dziko la America linali likukumana ndi vuto lachuma - kutsika kwachuma komwe kuchulukirachulukira, komwe nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizana ndi kufunikira kochulukirapo, kumayendera limodzi ndi kutsika kwachuma. Iwo ankatchedwa "stagflation". Pofuna kuthana ndi chiwopsezo cha kukwera kwa mitengo, Wapampando wa Federal Reserve Paul Volckner adayendetsa chiwongola dzanja mpaka kukwera modabwitsa komanso kupondereza zofuna za ogula.
Kunena zochulukira, IBM idatera ngati toni ya njerwa mubokosi laling'ono la PC lomwe Apple idakhala nayo yokha. IBM inali chimphona chokha pakati pa ma midget mu bizinesi yamakompyuta. Udindo wa "dwarfs" unali wa makampani General Electric, Honeywell ndi Hewlett-Packard. Apple sakanatha kutchedwa dwarf. Ngati amuyika pamunsi pa IBM, atha kukhala ndi vuto lalikulu. Ndiye kodi Apple idayenera kusinthidwa kukhala mawu am'munsi osafunikira m'mabuku azachuma?
Ngakhale Apple II inali "ng'ombe ya ndalama" ya kampaniyo, Steve adawona molondola kuti kukopa kwake kudzachepa. Choyipa kwambiri chinali cholepheretsa chachikulu chomwe kampaniyo idakumana nacho: makasitomala anali kubweza $7800 iliyonse ya Apple III yatsopano chifukwa cha chingwe cholakwika chomwe chimawononga ndalama zosakwana masenti makumi atatu.
Kenako IBM inaukira. Idalimbikitsa PC yake yatsopano ndi zotsatsa zokayikitsa, zowoneka bwino zokhala ndi munthu wa Charlie Chaplin. Polowa mumsika, "Big Blue" (dzina lakutchulidwira la IBM) idakhudza kuvomerezeka kwa makompyuta amunthu kuposa momwe aliyense wokonda akadachitira. Kampaniyo idapanga msika wawukulu watsopano ndi zala zake. Koma funso lachindunji kwa Apple linali: Kodi padziko lapansi angapikisane bwanji ndi mphamvu zamsika za IBM?
Apple inkafunika "chachiwiri" chachikulu kuti apulumuke, osasiya kuchita bwino. Steve ankakhulupirira kuti adzapeza yankho lolondola m'gulu laling'ono lachitukuko lomwe ankalilamulira: bungwe loyang'ana malonda. Koma adzafunika kulimbana ndi chimodzi mwa zopinga zosagonjetseka pa ntchito yake, chomwe ndi vuto limene amadzipanga yekha.
Kafukufuku wa utsogoleri
Kuwongolera ku Apple kunali kovuta. Steve anali wapampando wa bungweli ndipo adayitengera udindowu mozama kwambiri. Komabe, cholinga chake chachikulu chinali pa Mac. Mike Scott anali asanatsimikizire kuti ndi chisankho choyenera kwa pulezidenti, ndipo Mike Markkula, wogulitsa ndalama zachifundo yemwe adayika ndalama zoyamba zothandizira Steves awiriwa kuti ayambe bizinesi, anali akugwirabe ntchito ngati CEO. Komabe, anali kufunafuna njira yoperekera ntchito yake kwa munthu wina.
Mosasamala kanthu za chitsenderezo chonse chimene Steve anali nacho, iye ankakwera galimoto kamodzi pamwezi kupita ku kampu yapafupi ya Stanford ndipo ine ndinapita naye kumeneko. Pamaulendo ambiri apagalimoto omwe ine ndi Steve tinkapita, kupita ku Stanford ndi kupitirira apo, nthawi zonse anali wosangalatsa kukwera nawo. Steve ndi dalaivala wabwino kwambiri, wosamala kwambiri za kuchuluka kwa magalimoto pamsewu ndi zomwe madalaivala ena akuchita, koma kenako adayendetsa momwemonso adayendetsa polojekiti ya Mac: mwachangu, adafuna kuti zonse zichitike mwachangu.
Pa maulendo apamwezi ku Stanford, Steve adakumana ndi ophunzira kusukulu yabizinesi-kaya mu holo yaing'ono ya ophunzira makumi atatu kapena makumi anayi, kapena m'misonkhano yozungulira tebulo la msonkhano. Awiri mwa ophunzira oyambirira Steve adalandira gulu la Mac atamaliza maphunziro awo. Iwo anali Debi Coleman ndi Mike Murray.
Pamsonkhano wina wa mlungu ndi mlungu ndi atsogoleri a timu ya Mac, Steve adanenapo zochepa zokhudza kufunika kopeza CEO watsopano. Debi ndi Mike nthawi yomweyo anayamba kuyamika Purezidenti wa PepsiCo John Sculley. Ankakonda kuphunzitsa m'kalasi yawo yabizinesi. Sculley adatsogolera kampeni yotsatsa mu 1970s yomwe pamapeto pake idapambana msika wa PepsiCo kuchokera ku Coca-Cola. Mu zomwe zimatchedwa Pepsi Challenge (ndi Coke monga wotsutsa, ndithudi), makasitomala otsekedwa m'maso adayesa zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi ziwiri ndipo adapatsidwa ntchito yoti anene zakumwa zomwe amakonda kwambiri. Inde nthawi zonse amasankha Pepsi mu malonda.
Debi ndi Mike adalankhula bwino za Sculley ngati katswiri wazotsatsa komanso katswiri wazotsatsa. Ndikuganiza kuti aliyense amene analipo anadziuza yekha kuti, "Izi ndi zomwe tikufuna."
Ndikhulupilira kuti Steve adayamba kulankhula ndi John pa foni molawirira ndipo adakhala naye kumapeto kwa sabata patatha milungu ingapo. Munali m'nyengo yozizira - ndikukumbukira Steve akundiuza kuti akuyenda mu Central Park yachisanu.
Ngakhale John ndithudi sankadziwa chilichonse chokhudza makompyuta, Steve anachita chidwi kwambiri ndi chidziwitso chake cha malonda, zomwe, mwa zina, zinamufikitsa ku mutu wa kampani yaikulu yotsatsa malonda monga PepsiCo. Steve ankaganiza kuti John Sculley akhoza kukhala wothandiza kwambiri kwa Apple. Kwa John, komabe, zomwe Steve adapereka zinali ndi zolakwika. Apple inali kampani yaying'ono poyerekeza ndi PepsiCo. Kuonjezera apo, anzake onse a John ndi anzake amalonda anali ochokera ku East Coast. Kuphatikiza apo, adaphunzira kuti ndi m'modzi mwa atatu omwe akufuna kukhala wapampando wa board of director a PepsiCo. Yankho lake linalidi ayi.
Steve wakhala ali ndi makhalidwe ambiri omwe amasonyeza mtsogoleri wopambana: kutsimikiza ndi kutsimikiza mtima. Mawu omwe adagwiritsa ntchito poyesa Sculley akhala nthano mubizinesi. "Kodi mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito moyo wanu wonse kugulitsa madzi a shuga, kapena mukufuna mwayi woti musinthe dziko?" yekha wakonzedwa kuti asinthe dziko.
John anakumbukira kuti: “Ndinangomezera mate chifukwa ndinkadziwa kuti ndikakana ndikanatha moyo wanga wonse kuganizira zimene ndinaphonya.
Misonkhano ndi Sculley inapitilira kwa miyezi ingapo, koma pofika kumapeto kwa 1983, Apple Computer inakhala ndi CEO watsopano. Pochita izi, Sculley adagulitsa kasamalidwe ka bizinesi yapadziko lonse lapansi komanso imodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino padziko lonse lapansi pakuwongolera kampani yaying'ono mumakampani omwe samadziwa chilichonse. Komanso, kampani yomwe chifaniziro chake chinapangidwa ndi anthu awiri okonda makompyuta omwe amagwira ntchito m'galimoto dzulo dzulo lake ndipo tsopano anali kutenga titan ya mafakitale.
Kwa miyezi ingapo yotsatira, John ndi Steve ankagwirizana kwambiri. Otsatsa malonda adawatcha "The Dynamic Duo". Anachitira misonkhano pamodzi ndipo anali osagwirizana kwenikweni, makamaka pamasiku ogwira ntchito. Kuonjezera apo, adalinso kampani yofunsirana - John akumuwonetsa Steve momwe angayendetsere kampani yayikulu, ndipo Steve adamulowetsa John mu zinsinsi za bits ndi flats. Koma kuyambira pachiyambi, ntchito yaikulu ya Steve Jobs, Mac, inakopa zamatsenga kwa John Sculley. Ndi Steve ngati mtsogoleri wa scout komanso wowongolera alendo, simungayembekezere chidwi cha John kutembenukira kwina.
Kuti ndithandize John kuti asinthe kuchoka ku zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi kupita ku zipangizo zamakono, zomwe mwina zinkawoneka ngati dziko losamvetsetseka kwa iye, ndinaika mmodzi wa antchito anga a IT, Mike Homer, mu ofesi pafupi ndi malo ogwira ntchito a Johny kuti azigwira ntchito yamanja. ndikumupatsa chidziwitso chaukadaulo. Mike atayamba, mnyamata wina dzina lake Joe Hutsko anagwira ntchitoyo—chodabwitsa kwambiri chifukwa Joe analibe digiri ya koleji ndiponso analibe maphunziro aukadaulo. Komabe, anali woyenerera 100% pantchitoyo. Ndinaganiza kuti kunali kofunika kukhala ndi "abambo" pafupi kuti John ndi Apple apambane.
Steve anagwirizana ndi anthu apakati amenewa, koma sanasangalale kwambiri. M'malo mwake, iye anali gwero lokhalo la John la chidziwitso chaukadaulo. Komabe, n’zachionekere kuti Steve anali ndi zinthu zina m’maganizo mwake osati kukhala mlangizi wa John.
John ndi Steve ankakondana kwambiri moti nthawi zina ankangomalizana. (Zoonadi, sindinamvepo, koma nkhaniyi inakhala mbali ya nthano ya John ndi Steve.) pang'onopang'ono John adatengera maganizo a Steve kuti tsogolo lonse la Apple linali ndi Macintosh.
Steve kapena John sakanatha kuganiza za nkhondo yomwe ikuwadikirira. Ngakhale Nostradamus wamasiku ano ataneneratu za nkhondo ku Apple, titha kuganiza kuti idzamenyedwa pazinthu: Macintosh motsutsana ndi Lisa, kapena Apple motsutsana ndi IBM.
Sitinaganizepo kuti nkhondoyo n’zodabwitsa chifukwa cha mmene anthu amachitira zinthu.
Chisokonezo cha malonda
Limodzi mwamavuto akulu a Steve linali Lisa, kompyuta ya Apple, yomwe kampaniyo idatulutsa mwezi womwewo Sculley adalembedwa ganyu. Apple idafuna kugwetsa linga lamakasitomala a IBM ndi Lisa. Pulogalamu yabwino ya Apple II, Apple IIe, idayambitsidwanso nthawi yomweyo.
Steve ankanenabe kuti Lisa anamangidwa ndi luso lachikale, koma panali chopinga chachikulu chomwe chinali kuyembekezera pamsika: mtengo woyambira unali madola zikwi khumi. Lisa wakhala akumenyera udindo wake wamphamvu kuyambira pachiyambi pomwe adachoka pazipata za mpikisano. Inalibe mphamvu zokwanira, koma inali itasefukira kwambiri ndi kulemera ndi mtengo wapamwamba. Zinakhala zolephera mwachangu ndipo sizinali zofunikira pamavuto omwe akubwera. Panthawiyi, Apple IIe, yokhala ndi mapulogalamu atsopano, zojambula bwino komanso zowongolera zosavuta, zinakhala zopambana kwambiri. Palibe amene ankayembekezera kuti kusintha kumeneku kudzakhala kopambana kwambiri.
Cholinga cha Mac, kumbali ina, chinali ogula-woyamba, munthu payekha. Mtengo wake udakwera pafupifupi madola zikwi ziwiri, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti zikhale zokongola kwambiri kuposa Lisa, komabe zinali zodula kwambiri kuposa mpikisano wake wamkulu, IMB PC. Ndipo panalinso Apple II, yomwe, monga momwe zinakhalira, inapitirira kwa zaka zingapo. Tsopano, Apple inali nkhani ya zinthu ziwiri, Apple IIe ndi Mac. John Sculley adabweretsedwa kuti athetse mavutowo nawo. Koma angawathetse bwanji pamene makutu ake anali odzaza ndi nkhani za Steve za Mac, ulemerero ndi ubwino wake, ndi zomwe zingabweretse kwa ogwiritsa ntchito makompyuta ndi Apple?
Chifukwa cha mkanganowu, kampaniyo idagawika m'magulu awiri, Apple II motsutsana ndi Mac. Zomwezo zinalinso m'masitolo ogulitsa zinthu za Apple. Mpikisano waukulu wa Mac anali Apple II. Kumayambiriro kwa mkangano, kampaniyo inali ndi antchito pafupifupi 4000, omwe 3000 adathandizira mzere wa mankhwala a Apple II ndipo 1000 adathandizira Lisa ndi Mac.
Ngakhale panali kusamvana kwa atatu ndi m'modzi, antchito ambiri amakhulupirira kuti John akunyalanyaza Apple II chifukwa amangoyang'ana kwambiri Mac. Koma kuchokera mkati mwa kampaniyo, zinali zovuta kuwona izi "ife kutsutsana nawo" ngati vuto lenileni, chifukwa kachiwiri idabisidwa ndi phindu lalikulu la malonda ndi $ 1 biliyoni mu akaunti za banki za Apple.
Kukula kwazinthu zomwe zikuchulukirachulukira zidapangitsa kuti pakhale zowombera mochititsa chidwi komanso sewero lapamwamba.
Njira yopita kumsika inali yachikhalidwe ku Apple II pankhani yamagetsi ogula - idagulitsidwa kudzera mwa omwe amagawa. Ogawa amagulitsa makompyuta kusukulu ndi ogulitsa. Mofanana ndi katundu wina monga makina ochapira, zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi, magalimoto, anali ogulitsa omwe kwenikweni amagulitsa malondawo kwa makasitomala payekha. Chifukwa chake makasitomala a Apple sanali ogwiritsa ntchito okha, koma makampani akuluakulu ogawa.
Tikayang'ana m'mbuyo, zikuwonekeratu kuti iyi inali njira yolakwika yogulitsira malonda ogula kwambiri monga Mac.
Pamene gulu la Mac linkagwira ntchito molimbika kuti amalize zomaliza zomwe zimafunikira pakuyambitsa kochedwa kwambiri, Steve adatenga chiwonetserochi paulendo wa atolankhani. Anayendera pafupifupi mizinda isanu ndi itatu ya ku America kuti apatse anthu ofalitsa nkhani mwayi woonera makompyuta. Pa malo amodzi, ulaliki unayenda moipa. Pakhala cholakwika mu mapulogalamu.
Steve anayesetsa kubisa. Atolankhaniwo atangochoka, anaitana Bruce Horn, yemwe ankayang’anira pulogalamuyo, n’kumufotokozera vutolo.
"Kodi kukonza kumatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji?"
Patapita kamphindi Bruce anamuuza kuti, “Masabata awiri Steve anadziwa tanthauzo lake. Zikadatengera wina aliyense mwezi umodzi, koma amamudziwa Bruce ngati munthu wodzitsekera muofesi yake ndikukhala momwemo mpaka vutolo litatheratu.
Komabe, Steve adadziwa kuti kuchedwa koteroko kungasokoneze dongosolo loyambitsa malonda. Iye anati, "Masabata awiri ndi ochuluka."
Bruce anali kufotokoza zomwe kukonzanso kungakhudze.
Steve ankalemekeza wantchito wakeyo ndipo sankakayikira kuti sanali kukokomeza ntchito yofunikira. Komabe, iye sanagwirizane nazo, "Ndikumvetsa zomwe mukunena, koma muyenera kuzikonza kaye."
Sindinamvetsetse komwe Steve amatha kuwunika molondola zomwe zingatheke komanso zomwe sizinachokere, kapena momwe adafikirako, chifukwa analibe chidziwitso chaukadaulo.
Panali kupuma kwa nthawi yayitali pamene Bruce ankaganizira zinthu. Kenako anayankha kuti, "Chabwino, ndiyesetsa kuti ndichite pasanathe sabata."
Steve adauza Bruce momwe adasangalalira. Mutha kumva kusangalatsa kwa mawu a Steve. Pali nthawi ngati zimenezo kwambiri olimbikitsa.
Zinthu zomwezo zinabwerezedwanso pamene nthawi ya nkhomaliro inayandikira ndipo gulu la akatswiri opanga mapulogalamu a pakompyuta omwe ankagwira ntchito yokonza makina opangira opaleshoni anakumana ndi chopinga chosayembekezereka. Patatsala sabata imodzi kuti nambalayo ibwereze ma disks, Bud Tribble, wamkulu wa gulu la mapulogalamu, adadziwitsa Steve kuti sangathe. Mac iyenera kutumiza ndi "bugged", pulogalamu yosakhazikika yotchedwa "demo".
M'malo mokwiya moyembekezeredwa, Steve adapereka kutikita minofu. Iye adayamikira gulu la mapulogalamuwa kuti ndi limodzi mwa ochita bwino kwambiri. Aliyense ku Apple amadalira iwo. “Mungathe,” iye anatero m’mawu okopa a chilimbikitso ndi chitsimikiziro.
Kenako anamaliza zokambiranazo asanapeze mwayi wotsutsa. Anagwira ntchito masabata makumi asanu ndi anayi kwa miyezi, nthawi zambiri akugona pansi pa madesiki awo m'malo mopita kunyumba.
Koma iye anawauzira iwo. Anamaliza ntchitoyo mphindi yomaliza ndipo pangotsala mphindi zochepa kuti nthawi yomaliza ifike.
Zizindikiro zoyamba za mikangano
Koma zizindikiro zoyamba za ubale woziziritsa pakati pa John ndi Steve, zimasonyeza kuti ubwenzi wawo ukuphwanyidwa, unadza kwa nthawi yaitali pa ntchito yotsatsa malonda yomwe idzawonetsere kukhazikitsidwa kwa Macintosh. Ndi nkhani yotsatsa ya 1984-sekondi ya Macintosh TV yomwe idawulutsidwa mu XNUMX Super Bowl idawongoleredwa ndi Ridley Scott, yemwe adadziwika chifukwa cha kanema wake tsamba wothamanga adakhala m'modzi mwa otsogolera ofunikira kwambiri ku Hollywood.
Kwa iwo omwe sanazidziwebe, zotsatsa za Macintosh zinali ndi holo yodzaza ndi antchito owoneka ngati akung'ung'udza atavala zovala zandende, akuyang'anitsitsa pazenera lalikulu pomwe munthu wowopsa amawaphunzitsa. Zinali zokumbutsa zochitika zochokera m'buku lachikale la George Orwell 1984 za boma kulamulira maganizo a nzika. Mwadzidzidzi, mtsikana wina wooneka ngati wothamanga atavala t-sheti ndi kabudula wofiyira akuthamanga n’kuponya nyundo yachitsulo pa sikirini, imene imasweka. Kuwala kumalowa m'chipindamo, mpweya wabwino ukuwomba m'chipindamo, ndipo omangidwawo amadzuka kuchokera kumaganizo awo. Voiceover yalengeza kuti, "Pa Januware 24, Apple Computer iwonetsa Macintosh. Ndipo mudzawona chifukwa chake 1984 sizikhala choncho 1984. "
Steve adakonda zotsatsazi kuyambira pomwe bungweli lidamupangira iye ndi John. Koma Yohane ankada nkhawa. Anaona kuti malondawo anali openga. Komabe, adavomereza kuti "zikhoza kugwira ntchito."
Pamene mamembala a board adawona malonda, sanadzikonde yekha iwo. Adauza bungweli kuti ligwirizane ndi kampani ya TV kuti igulitse nthawi yotsatsa ya Super Bowl yomwe Apple idagula ndikubweza ndalamazo.
Kampani ya TV ikuwoneka kuti yayesetsa moona mtima, koma inalibe chochita koma kulengeza kuti yalephera kupeza wogula pa nthawi yotsatsa.
Steve Wozniak amakumbukira bwino zomwe anachita. “Steve (Jobs) adandiyitana kuti andiwonetse malonda. Nditayang'ana, ndinati, 'Malonda aja je wathu.' Ndidafunsa ngati tiwonetsa ku Super Bowl, ndipo Steve adati board idavotera. "
Woz atafunsa chifukwa chake, yankho lokhalo lomwe angakumbukire chifukwa adayang'ana kwambiri ndikuti zidawononga $ 800 kuyendetsa malondawo. Woz akuti, "Ndinaganiza kaye pang'ono kenako ndimati ndilipira half ngati Steve alipira winayo."
Poyang’ana m’mbuyo, Woz anati: “Tsopano ndazindikira kuti ndinali wopusa. Koma panthawiyo ndinali woona mtima.'
Izi sizinali zofunikira konse, popeza wachiwiri kwa purezidenti wamkulu wa Apple pazamalonda ndi malonda, Fred Kvamme, m'malo mowona kusintha kopanda nzeru kwa Macintosh kuwulutsidwa, adayimba foni yamphindi yomaliza yomwe ingalowe m'mbiri yotsatsa. : "Letsani."
Omvera anachita chidwi ndi kudabwa ndi malonda. Iwo anali asanawonepo chirichonse chonga icho. Madzulo a tsiku limenelo, otsogolera nkhani pa wailesi yakanema m’dziko lonselo anaganiza kuti malo otsatsira malondawo anali apadera kwambiri moti n’koyenera kuti alembe lipoti la m’nyuzipepala, ndipo amaulutsanso nkhanizo monga mbali ya nkhani zawo za usiku. Chifukwa chake adapatsa Apple nthawi yowonjezera yotsatsa yokwana madola mamiliyoni ambiri kwaulere.
Steve anali wolondola kachiwiri kumamatira ku chibadwa chake. Tsiku lina pambuyo poulutsa nkhaniyo, ndinam’yendetsa pasitolo ya makompyuta ku Palo Alto m’bandakucha, kumene kunali mzera wautali wa anthu akudikirira kuti sitoloyo itsegulidwe. Zinalinso chimodzimodzi m’masitolo apakompyuta m’dziko lonselo. Masiku ano, anthu ambiri amaona kuti malowa pa TV ndi malo abwino kwambiri oulutsira malonda.
Koma mkati mwa Apple, kutsatsa kwawononga. Zinangowonjezera nsanje yomwe anthu a m'magulu a Lisa ndi Apple II amamvera ku Macintosh yatsopano. Pali njira zothetsera mtundu uwu wa kaduka ndi nsanje pakati pa anthu, koma ziyenera kuchitidwa mofulumira, osati mphindi yomaliza. Ngati oyang'anira a Apple ali ndi vuto bwino, atha kuyesetsa kuti aliyense pakampaniyo azinyadira Mac ndikufuna kuwona kuti izi zikuyenda bwino. Palibe amene anamvetsa zomwe kupsinjikaku kumachita kwa ogwira ntchito.
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zikomo chifukwa cha zolozera, koma ndikufuna kukhala nazo pa ibookstore :)
Tikufunanso zimenezo. Koma Apple ikusokoneza kwambiri. Mbiri ya Jobs idavomerezedwa mkati mwa maola 24, takhala tikudikirira Ulendo wa Steve Jobs kwa nthawi yopitilira sabata.
Tikuganizanso, mwatsoka, Apple tsopano ikuvomereza mabuku kwa nthawi yayitali kuposa kale. Anthu ambiri adandaula kale. Tsoka ilo, sitingayambukire, pomwe kuyambiranso kwa Jobs kudavomerezedwa ndi tsiku lotsatira.