Tomas Chlebek Mtundu wotsatira wamakina ogwiritsira ntchito Macs akukambidwa ngati OS X ndi dzina la 10.12. Koma posachedwapa, pakhala zongopeka kuti akhoza kukhala ndi zizindikiro zatsopano.
Masiku ano, anthu ambiri sazindikira kuti OS X akuyenera kunena za buku lakhumi (X ngati lachiroma la khumi) la machitidwe opangira ma Mac. Baibulo lake loyamba linatulutsidwa mu 1984 pa kompyuta ya Macintosh ndipo imatchedwa "System". Pokhapokha ndi kutulutsidwa kwa mtundu 7.6 ndiye dzina la "Mac OS" linapangidwa. Dzinali lidayambitsidwa Apple itayamba kupereka chilolezo kwa opanga makompyuta a chipani chachitatu, kuti athe kusiyanitsa bwino makina ake ndi ena.
Mu 2001, Mac Os 9 anatsatiridwa ndi Mac Os X. Ndi izo, Apple anayesa kwambiri wamakono ake kompyuta opaleshoni dongosolo. Inaphatikiza matekinoloje amitundu yaposachedwa ya Mac OS ndi makina opangira a NEXTSTEP, omwe anali gawo la ntchito yogula NeXT mu 1996.
Kupyolera mu NEXSTSTEP, Mac OS inapeza maziko a Unix, omwe amasonyezedwa ndi kusintha kuchokera ku manambala a Chiarabu kupita ku manambala achiroma. Kuphatikiza pakusintha kwakukulu pamakina adongosolo, OS X idayambitsanso mawonekedwe amakono otchedwa Aqua, omwe adalowa m'malo mwa Platinum wakale.
Kuyambira pamenepo, Apple anayambitsa kokha decimal Mabaibulo Mac Os X. More kusintha mayina kunachitika mu 2012, pamene Mac Os X anakhala Os X basi, ndipo mu 2013, pamene amphaka lalikulu mu Baibulo mayina m'malo malo a boma US. waku California. Komabe, kusintha kumeneku sikunayende limodzi ndi kusintha kwakukulu mu dongosolo lokha.
Kusintha kwakukulu kunanenedwa pakati pa "System 1" ndi "Mac OS 9" monga kusintha kwa machitidwe ena a fayilo kapena kuwonjezera kwa multitasking, ndipo pakati pa "Mac OS 9" ndi "Mac OS X" pali kusiyana kwakukulu pa maziko omwe. Izi zidalimbikitsidwa ndi mfundo yakuti machitidwe am'mbuyomu a Apple anali osakwanira mwaukadaulo mogwirizana ndi zofunikira za ogwiritsa ntchito.
Zingakhale zopanda nzeru kuganiza kuti kusintha kwakukulu kotereku m'kati mwa machitidwewa sikudzachitikanso m'mbiri ya makompyuta a Apple, koma mwina ndizomveka kuti tisayembekezere posachedwapa. OS X idapulumukanso kusintha kuchokera ku PowerPC processors kupita ku Intel mu 2005, kutha kwa dongosolo logwirizana ndi ma processor a PowerPC mu 2009, komanso kutha kwa 32-bit thandizo la zomangamanga mu 2011.
Chifukwa chake potengera luso laukadaulo, zikuwoneka kuti sizokayikitsa kuti mtundu wa "khumi ndi chimodzi" wa ma Mac ubwera posachedwa. Malo ogwiritsa ntchito asinthanso kangapo, kangapo kwambiri, kuyambira mtundu woyamba wa OS X, koma sizinalimbikitse kusintha kwa zilembo zatsopano.
Pakadali pano, zikuwoneka kuti ngati makina opangira makompyuta a Apple asiya kutchedwa OS X, sizikhala chifukwa chakusintha kwaukadaulo kapena mawonekedwe ake.
Mwachitsanzo, kusintha kotchulidwa m’matchulidwe a matembenuzidwe ake, pamene nyama zazikuluzikuluzi zinasinthidwa kukhala malo ku California, zikutsutsana ndi kusintha kumene kuli pafupi kuchoka ku OS X kupita ku chinthu china. Craig Federighi, wamkulu wa mapulogalamu a Apple, akuyambitsa OS X Mavericks iye anatchula, kuti mtundu watsopano wa OS X wotchulira dzina uyenera kukhala zaka zina khumi.
Kumbali inayi, pakhala pali malipoti osachepera awiri posachedwapa omwe angasonyeze kuti OS X isintha kukhala macOS.
Blogger John Gruber ndi kukambirana pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa Apple Watch, adafunsa Phil Schiller, mkulu wa malonda a Apple, za dzina la makina ogwiritsira ntchito ulonda, watchOS. Sanakonde kalembo kakang'ono koyambirira kwa dzinalo. Schiller kwa iye Adayankha, kuti malinga ndi iye zimagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri komanso kuti Gruber ayenera kuyembekezera mayina ena omwe adzabwere m'tsogolomu komanso omwe akhala akuyambitsa maganizo ambiri ku Apple.
M'tsogolomu, malinga ndi Schiller, zisankho zofananazo zidzakhaladi zolondola. watchOS idatchulidwa ndi kiyi yofanana ndi iOS, ndipo patatha theka la chaka Apple idayambitsa makina ena ogwiritsira ntchito, nthawi ino m'badwo wachinayi Apple TV, yotchedwa tvOS.
Lipoti lachiwiri lidawonekera kumapeto kwa Marichi chaka chino, pomwe wopanga mapulogalamu Guilherme Rambo adapeza dzina loti "macOS" m'dzina la fayilo imodzi, yomwe inali ndi dzina losiyana m'mawonekedwe am'mbuyomu. Lipoti loyambirira linanena kuti kusinthaku kunachitika pakati pa mitundu 10.11.3 ndi 10.11.4, koma zikuwoneka kuti fayilo yomweyi, yodziwika bwino imapezekanso pamakompyuta omwe ali ndi mtundu wakale wa OS X, wokhala ndi tsiku lopangidwa mu Ogasiti 2015.
Komanso kutsutsana ndi kufunikira kwa lipoti ili pakusinthidwanso kwa makina ogwiritsira ntchito makompyuta a Apple kunali kutanthauzira kwa dzinalo, malinga ndi "macOS" yomwe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi opanga kuti azitha kuyenda mosavuta pakati pa nsanja za Apple zomwe zimatchedwa fungulo lomwelo. .
Kaya pali umboni wa izi kapena ayi, ngati dzina la "OS X" litafa, lingachite izi mokomera dzina la "macOS" logwirizana ndi machitidwe ena. Komabe, ndizowonabe kuti chilimbikitso chokha chovomerezeka tsopano chikuwoneka ngati chothandiza, kapena kugwirizana kwakukulu pakutchula machitidwe a Apple.
Wolemba mabulogu ndi wopanga Andrew Ambrosino amatsimikizira lingaliro ili m'nkhani yake "macOS: Yakwana nthawi yoti muchitepo kanthu". M'mawu oyamba, adalemba kuti patatha zaka khumi ndi zisanu za kusinthika kwa OS X ndi nthawi yosintha mawonekedwe a macOS, koma akuwonetsa lingaliro lomwe lili ndi malingaliro angapo ofunikira, koma pochita amawonekera ngati zosintha zazing'ono, zodzikongoletsera. mpaka mawonekedwe apano a OS X El Capitan.
Malingaliro atatu ofunikira a lingaliro lake ndi: kusinthika kwa machitidwe onse a Apple, dongosolo latsopano lokonzekera ndi kugwira ntchito ndi mafayilo ndikugogomezera mbali ya chikhalidwe cha dongosolo.
Kutembenuza machitidwe onse a Apple kuyenera kutanthauza kubweretsa macOS pafupi ndi ena, omwe amagawana kale magwero oyambira, pamwamba pake pali zinthu zomwe zimafanana ndi nsanja yomwe yapatsidwa komanso mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito omwe amakometsedwa pamtundu woyamba wolumikizana ndi dongosolo lomwe laperekedwa. Kwa Ambrosino, izi zikutanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito mosasinthika njira ya "Back to Mac" yomwe idawonekera koyamba mu OS X mu mtundu wa Lion. MacOS ipeza mapulogalamu onse omwe Apple adapangira iOS, monga News ndi Health.
Lingaliro la Ambrosin la njira yolumikizirana kwambiri yogwirira ntchito ndi mafayilo, yoyang'ana pazofunikira kwakanthawi kwa wogwiritsa ntchito, imatengedwa kuchokera ku kampani ya Upthere. Izi zimathetsa kusanja kwa mafayilo kukhala mafoda m'magulu ambiri. M'malo mwake, imasunga mafayilo onse mu "foda" imodzi ndiyeno imadutsamo pogwiritsa ntchito zosefera. Zofunikira ndi zithunzi ndi makanema, nyimbo ndi zolemba. Kuphatikiza pa iwo, otchedwa "Loops" amatha kupangidwa, omwe ali ma tag - magulu a mafayilo opangidwa molingana ndi zofunikira zina, zomwe zimatsimikiziridwa ndi wogwiritsa ntchito.
Ubwino wa dongosololi uyenera kukhala bungwe losinthidwa bwino ndi momwe timagwirira ntchito ndi mafayilo, pomwe fayilo imodzi ikhoza kukhala m'magulu angapo, mwachitsanzo, koma imakhala kamodzi kokha posungira. Komabe, Wopeza wapano amatha kuchita zomwezo, ndendende kudzera pama tag. Chinthu chokha chomwe lingaliro la Upthere lingasinthire kukhala kuthekera kosunga mafayilo mwadongosolo popanda kuwonjezera zina zilizonse.
Lingaliro lachitatu lomwe Ambrosino akufotokoza m'nkhani yake mwina ndilosangalatsa kwambiri. Zimafuna kuphatikizika bwino kwamayanjano ochezera, omwe mawonekedwe apano a OS X samalimbikitsa kwambiri. Pochita izi, izi zitha kuwonetsedwa makamaka ndi tabu ya "Zochita" mu pulogalamu iliyonse, pomwe zochita za abwenzi a wogwiritsa ntchito omwe alumikizidwa ndi pulogalamuyo zidzawonetsedwa, ndi mawonekedwe atsopano a pulogalamu ya "Contacts", yomwe ingawonetse zonse. ntchito yokhudzana ndi kompyuta ya wogwiritsa ntchitoyo kwa munthu aliyense (zokambirana pa imelo, mafayilo ogawana, ma albamu azithunzi, ndi zina). Komabe, ngakhale izi sizingakhale zatsopano kwambiri kuposa zomwe zidawonekera pakati pamitundu khumi ya OS X.
OS X ikuwoneka kuti yalowa gawo lachilendo. Kumbali imodzi, dzina lake siligwirizana ndi machitidwe ena onse a Apple, limagwira ntchito bwino kuposa mafoni ake a m'manja ndi ma TV, ndipo nthawi yomweyo ilibe zina mwazinthu zawo. Zomwe zimachitikira ogwiritsa ntchito zimakhalanso zosagwirizana poyerekeza ndi machitidwe ena a Apple m'njira zingapo.
Kumbali inayi, chizindikiro chapano chimakhazikitsidwa ndipo chilengedwe chake chikugwirizana ndi kusintha kwakukulu kotero kuti sikungathe kukambidwa ngati mtundu wakhumi wa Mac OS, koma monga nthawi ina ya Mac OS. Za nthawi yomwe "decimalness" imabwera chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa nambala yachiroma ya khumi kuposa kuti "X" m'dzina limaloza ku maziko a Unix.
Funso lofunikira likuwoneka ngati makina ogwiritsira ntchito a Mac adzayandikira kapena kutali ndi iOS ndi ena. Inde, sikoyenera kusankha pakati pa zosankha ziwirizi, ndipo chinthu chenichenicho chingakhale kuyembekezera mtundu wina wa kuphatikiza, zomwe zikuchitika tsopano. iOS ikuchulukirachulukira, ndipo OS X ikuyenda pang'onopang'ono koma ikutenga mawonekedwe a iOS.
Pamapeto pake, zimakhala zomveka kulinga zinthu ngati iPad Air ndi MacBook kwa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe ali ndi zofuna zochepa, iPad Pro ndi MacBook Air kwa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe akufuna kwambiri, ndi MacBook Pro, iMac ndi Mac Pro pazovuta kwambiri komanso ngakhale akatswiri. . IPad Air ndi Pro ndi MacBooks ndi MacBook Airs zitha kuphatikizana kuti apange luso losiyanasiyana kuchokera pazapamwamba mpaka zapamwamba kwambiri.
Ngakhale kutanthauzira koteroko, komabe, sikumatsatira zomwe zilipo panopa za mapulogalamu a Apple ndi hardware, chifukwa nthawi zambiri zimawoneka kuti zimapanga zinthu zowonjezereka komanso mwina zosafunikira zamphamvu kwa ogula wamba, ndipo mwinamwake amaiwala zofunikira za akatswiri owona. Pachiwonetsero chomaliza chakumapeto kwa Marichi, iPad Pro idakambidwa ngati chipangizo chomwe chimayimira tsogolo la makompyuta chifukwa cha kuthekera kwake kwakukulu. MacBook ya 12-inch imakambidwanso ngati masomphenya a tsogolo la makompyuta, koma pakali pano ndi makompyuta amphamvu kwambiri a Apple. Koma mwina uku ndi kukambitsirana kosiyana pang'ono ndi zomwe zinali mutu wa nkhaniyi.
Ngati tibwereranso ku funso la zomwe zidzachitike pa kutchulidwa kwa OS X, tikuzindikira kuti izi ndizovuta komanso mutu womwe ungakhale wovuta. Zikuwonekeratu, komabe, kuti dongosolo lomwe likuyimira dzinali likadali pakati pa zokambirana za Apple, ndipo tikhoza kulingalira za tsogolo lake, koma sitiyenera (mwina) kudandaula.
Zikomo chifukwa cha nkhani yabwino?
Ndikuyembekeza kuti bukuli libweretsa kuwonjezereka kwachangu kwadongosolo, chifukwa ngati chirichonse El Capitan chalephera, ndi ichi.
Ndikukhumba kuti abwezeretse dongosolo ku kukhazikika kwake koyambirira ndi liwiro ... M'malo mwake tili ndi mtundu watsopano komanso watsopano wa khalidwe losauka chaka chilichonse.
Nkhani yabwino kwambiri ndipo zikomo chifukwa chake.
Mwina MacBook ikukambidwa ngati kompyuta yamtsogolo chifukwa ndiyochedwa kwambiri… Ndikudziwa, zikumveka zododometsa. Ndi kompyuta yoyamba pomwe sindisamala za manambala aukadaulo. Ndinasintha 13 MacBookPro ndi izo ndipo wow - sizochedwa kwenikweni kuposa iwo. Apple ikufuna kuti ukadaulo wake uwonedwe kudzera pakupanga ndi kalembedwe, osati manambala ndi ukadaulo.
*Ndi* pang'onopang'ono m'moyo weniweni.
Munati chiyani kwenikweni? Malinga ndi inu, mawu achiwiri amatsutsa mawu oyamba. Kuwona kwina koyang'anira si njira yoyezera kuthamanga kwa kompyuta...
Nkhani yabwino, palibe chifukwa chofotokozera zomwe zili, zonse zayankhidwa.
Nkhani yabwino! Zikomo
"kodi kusintha kuchokera ku manambala achi Latin kupita ku manambala achi Roma kumatanthauza chiyani" ??
Mwina mumatanthawuza kusintha kuchokera ku manambala achiarabu kupita ku manambala achi Roma.
Chabwino, sindinazindikire kuti tili ndi zilembo za Chilatini, koma manambala achiarabu :-) Zikomo chifukwa cha chikumbutso, chokhazikika.
Apanso nkhani yomwe wina adaganizapo ndipo sanangoyikopera, monga momwe zilili masiku ano, makamaka ndi mpikisano. Zikomo.