Libor Kubín Nkhaniyi imayamba ngati zina zambiri. Za maloto omwe amatha kukhala enieni - ndikusintha zenizeni. Steve Jobs adanenapo kuti: "Loto langa ndikuti munthu aliyense padziko lapansi akhale ndi kompyuta yakeyake ya Apple." Ngakhale kuti masomphenya olimba mtimawa sanakwaniritsidwe, pafupifupi aliyense amadziwa mankhwala okhala ndi apulo wolumidwa. Tiyeni tidutse zochitika zofunika kwambiri zamakampani pazaka 35 zapitazi.
Yambani ku garaja
Onse Steves (Jobs ndi Wozniak) anakumana kusukulu ya sekondale. Anapita ku kosi yosankha kupanga mapulogalamu. Ndipo onse anali ndi chidwi ndi zamagetsi. Mu 1975, adapanga Blue Box yodziwika bwino. Chifukwa cha bokosi ili, mutha kuyimba mafoni aulere padziko lonse lapansi. Kumapeto kwa chaka chomwecho, Woz amamaliza chitsanzo choyamba cha Apple I. Pamodzi ndi Ntchito, amayesa kupereka kwa kampani ya Hewlett-Packard, koma amalephera. Ntchito zimachoka ku Atari. Woz akuchoka ku Hewlett-Packard.
April 1, 1976 Steve Paul Jobs, Steve Gary Wozniak ndipo Ronald Gerald Wayne wonyalanyazidwa adapeza Apple Computer Inc. Likulu lawo loyambira ndi $1300. Wayne amachoka pakampani patatha masiku khumi ndi awiri. Sakhulupirira dongosolo lazachuma la Jobs ndipo akuganiza kuti ntchitoyi ndi yopenga. Amagulitsa 10% yake pamtengo wa $800.
Zoyamba za 50 za Apple Ndinamangidwa mu garaja ya abambo a Jobs Pamtengo wa madola 666,66, amagulitsidwa, okwana pafupifupi 200 adzagulitsidwa Miyezi ingapo pambuyo pake, Mike Markkula amagulitsa madola 250 alibe chisoni. The Epulo 000 West Coast Computer Faire imabweretsa Apple II yowoneka bwino yokhala ndi chowunikira chamitundu ndi 1977 KB ya kukumbukira $4. Bokosi lamatabwa limasinthidwa ndi pulasitiki. Ilinso kompyuta yomaliza yomangidwa ndi munthu m'modzi. Patsiku loyamba la chiwonetserochi, Jobs adapereka Apple II kwa katswiri wamankhwala waku Japan Toshio Mizushima. Adakhala wogulitsa woyamba kuvomerezedwa ndi Apple ku Japan. Pofika m'chaka cha 970, ndalama zokwana 1980 miliyoni zidzagulitsidwa padziko lonse lapansi. Chiwongoladzanja cha kampaniyo chidzakwera kufika pa madola 2 miliyoni.
Apple II ili ndi imodzi inanso yoyamba. VisiCalc, purosesa yoyamba yamasamba, idapangidwira iye makamaka mu 1979. Ntchito yosinthira iyi idasintha makina ang'onoang'ono opangidwira okonda makompyuta kukhala chida chamalonda cha Apple II adagwiritsidwa ntchito m'masukulu mpaka koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 90.
Mu 1979, Jobs ndi anzake angapo anapita ku labotale ya Xerox PARC kwa masiku atatu. Apa akuwona kwa nthawi yoyamba mawonekedwe ojambulidwa ndi mazenera ndi zithunzi, olamulidwa ndi mbewa. Izi zimamusangalatsa ndipo amasankha kugwiritsa ntchito lingalirolo pamalonda. Gulu limapangidwa kuti mkati mwa zaka zingapo lidzapanga Apple Lisa - kompyuta yoyamba yokhala ndi GUI.
The Golden 80s
Mu Meyi 1980, Apple III idatulutsidwa, koma ili ndi zovuta zingapo. Ntchito zimakana kugwiritsa ntchito fan pakupanga. Izi zimapangitsa kuti kompyuta ikhale yosagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene ikutentha kwambiri ndipo mabwalo ophatikizika amachotsedwa pa bolodi. Vuto lachiwiri linali nsanja yomwe ikubwera ya IBM PC.
Kampaniyo ili ndi antchito oposa 1000. December 12, 1980 Apple Inc. amalowa mumsika. Kupereka kwapagulu kwa magawo kunapanga ndalama zambiri, kuyambira 1956 mbiriyo idapangidwa ndi kulembetsa kwa magawo a Ford Motor Company. Posakhalitsa, antchito 300 osankhidwa a Apple adakhala mamiliyoni ambiri.
Mu February 1981, Woz anawononga ndege yake. Amavutika kukumbukira. Ntchito zimalipira chithandizo chake chamankhwala.
Apple Lisa adawonekera pamsika pa Januware 19, 1983 pamtengo wa $9. Panthawi yake, inali makompyuta apamwamba kwambiri m'njira zonse (hard disk, kuthandizira mpaka 995 MB ya RAM, kuphatikizapo kukumbukira kotetezedwa, cooperative multitasking, GUI). Komabe, chifukwa cha mtengo wapamwamba, sichinapezeke.
Mu 1983, Jobs adapereka utsogoleri wake kwa John Sculley, pulezidenti wa Pepsi-Cola. Kuphatikiza pa malipiro miliyoni, Jobs adamuphwanya ndi chiganizo: "Kodi mukufuna kukhala moyo wanu wonse kugulitsa madzi okoma kwa ana, kapena kupeza mwayi kusintha dziko?"
Ntchito itatsekedwa kuchokera ku ntchito ya Lisa, iye ndi gulu lake, kuphatikizapo Jef Raskin, adapanga makompyuta awo - Macintosh. Pambuyo pa kusagwirizana ndi Jobs, Raskin amasiya kampaniyo. Nkhani zosasangalatsa zimaperekedwa ndi Jobs mwiniwake pamaso pa holo yodzaza. Kompyutayo idzadziwonetsa yokha: "Moni, ndine Macintosh ...".
Massage yotsatsa idayamba pa Januware 22, 1984 pa Super Bowl Finals. Malonda otchuka a 1984 adawomberedwa ndi wotsogolera Ridley Scott ndikutanthauzira buku la dzina lomweli ndi George Orwell. Big brother ndi ofanana ndi IBM. Ikugulitsidwa pa Januware 24 pamtengo wa $2495. Mapulogalamu a MacWrite ndi MacPaint adaphatikizidwa ndi kompyuta.
Zogulitsa zimakhala zabwino poyamba, koma pakatha chaka zimayamba kufooka. Palibe mapulogalamu okwanira.
Mu 1985 Apple imayambitsa LaserWriter. Ndiye chosindikizira choyamba cha laser chotsika mtengo kwa anthu wamba. Chifukwa cha makompyuta a Apple ndi mapulogalamu a PageMaker kapena MacPublisher, nthambi yatsopano ya DTP (Desktop publishing) ikuwonekera.
Panthawiyi, mikangano pakati pa Jobs ndi Sculley imakula. Jobs akukonza chiwembu, kuyesa kutumiza mdani wake paulendo wongoyerekeza wabizinesi ku China. Pakalipano, akukonzekera kuitanitsa msonkhano waukulu ndikuchotsa Sculley ku bungwe. Koma kulanda kampani sikungapambane. Sculley amaphunzira za mapulani a Jobs mphindi yomaliza. Bambo ake a Apple achotsedwa ntchito pakampani yawo. Adapeza kampani yopikisana nayo, NEXT Computer.
Jobs amagula situdiyo ya kanema ya Pixar kuchokera kwa George Lucas mu 1986.
Mu 1986, Mac Plus ikugulitsidwa, ndipo patatha chaka Mac SE. Koma chitukuko chikupitirirabe ngakhale popanda Ntchito. 1987 Macintosh II imaphatikizapo kusintha kwa SCSI disk (20 kapena 40 MB), purosesa yatsopano yochokera ku Motorola, ndipo ili ndi 1 mpaka 4 MB ya RAM.
Pa February 6, 1987, pambuyo pa zaka 12, Wozniak anasiya ntchito yake yanthawi zonse ku Apple. Koma akadali wogawana nawo ndipo amalandila malipiro.
Mu 1989, kompyuta yoyamba ya Macintosh Portable idatulutsidwa. Imalemera 7 kg, yomwe ndi theka la kilogalamu yocheperako kuposa desktop ya Macintosh SE. Pankhani ya miyeso, sichinthu chaching'ononso - 2 cm wamtali x 10,3 cm mulifupi x 38,7 cm mulifupi.
Pa Seputembara 18, 1989, makina opangira a NEXTSstep akugulitsidwa.
Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 80, ntchito inayamba pa lingaliro la wothandizira digito. Anawonekera mu 1993 monga Newton. Koma zambiri za izo nthawi ina.
Gwero: Wikipedia
Nkhani yabwino .. :) maapulo ndiye abwino kwambiri, ndipo olumidwa ndi abwinoko.. :)
Ndipo lembani apa momwe Steve Jobs adabwerera paudindo wa director?
Dikirani gawo lachiwiri.
M'mawu akulu awa omwe adapereka kwa omaliza maphunziro a Stanford, palinso kufotokozera momwe adabwerera ...
http://news.stanford.edu/news/2005/june15/jobs-061505.html
Ndipo apa ndikumasulira ngati wina sadziwa Chingerezi
http://www.mujmac.cz/art/zpravy/steve-jobs-stanford.html
Ndi liti pamene wina apanga achifwamba a Sillicon Walley 2? Kodi alipo amene akupita ku rouzhou atamwalira Steve? :(
zikomo chifukwa cha malangizo a kanema :)
Ndimasowa momwe Jobs adabera Wozniak ali ku Atari
zinasokonezanso ubale wamtsogolo
Nkhaniyi ikunena za Apple. Imayamba mu 1976. Nthano yoti Woz adaberedwa siinatchulidwe mwachindunji, koma pali imodzi. kugwirizana pa kuyambiranso kwa Woz. Ndikulozera ku gawo ili apa.
…Malinga ndi mtundu woyamba, Atari salemekeza mgwirizano ndipo Woz amalandira $750 yokha. Mtundu wachiwiri umati Jobs amalandira mphotho ya $ 5000, koma amangolipira Wozniak theka lolonjezedwa - $ 375.
Pokambirana ndi Woz, amakumbukira "nkhani" iyi ndi luntha lalikulu. Ntchito zinalipiranso chithandizo chamankhwala cha Wozniak pambuyo pa ngozi ya ndege. Deta iyi imayiwalika nthawi zambiri.
Ndipo vuto mu maubwenzi amtsogolo? Ndikuganiza kuti njonda zonsezo adalankhulana kalekale kapena sakulimbana nazo. Umboni ukhoza kukhala kutenga nawo mbali kwa Wozniak pazochitika zosiyanasiyana za Apple, kugula kwaulere mu App Store, kapena zina zomwe amatchula kumbuyo kwazithunzi.
Inemwini, ndimatsamira ku izi: http://aktuality.firstnet.cz/udalosti/Narodil-se-Steve-Jobs/
Nkhani yabwino, komabe, ndikukhulupirira kuti idalembedwa ndi singano yotentha kwambiri komanso zambiri zosangalatsa sizinalowemo.
Mlandu wamba ndi chiganizo "Pambuyo ntchito kutsekedwa kwa ntchito Lisa, iye ndi gulu lake, kuphatikizapo Jef Raskin, kupanga kompyuta yawo - Macintosh. Chiganizochi chikufotokoza mwachidule chitukuko cha kompyuta ya Macintosh, yomwe inayamba bwino mu 1970 ku Xerox PARC ndipo imayamba ndi polojekiti mkati mwa Apple mu 1979. Komabe, ziyenera kuzindikirika kuti lingaliro la Jeff Raskin linali losiyana ndi Steve Jobs 'ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zofanana ndi zomwe Steve Jobs ankafuna. Ichi chinalinso chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe Jef Raskin anasiya ntchitoyi mu 1981.
Zambiri ndi maulalo ali pano http://aktuality.firstnet.cz/hardware/Macintosh-128k/
Hello Gandalf.
Poyamba ndinkangofuna kulemba mwamsanga. Koma malembawo anakula pang’ono. Zomwe zimatsogolera ku kufewetsa ndi kusiya zina. Ndikudziwa kuti pafupifupi chilichonse kapena chochitika zitha kusindikizidwa mosavuta munkhani ina.
Ndi liti pamene wina apanga achifwamba a Sillicon Walley 2? Kodi alipo amene akupita ku rouzhou atamwalira Steve?